GEOGRAPHIES OF ECONOMIC CHANGE:
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF
DEVELOPMENT IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Geography
160 and 260, Spring 2006
T/R 9:30 - 10:45, room 220 Saunders Hall
Professor Wendy Wolford
Office #: 302-C Saunders
Office phone: 843-4762
Office hours: Wednesdays 3:00-5:00 (and
by
appointment)
This is an upper-level undergraduate and
graduate
lecture course. The readings are all
required (Readings I are required for all students, Readings II for
graduate
students, and Readings “I will be lecturing from” are just there for
your
information, to give you a sense for where the lectures will go).
Participation
(discussing the readings in class) will
be a significant part of the class grade.
Mondays and Wednesdays will be reserved for lectures, and
Fridays for
discussion sections. For the Friday
discussion period, students will be divided into undergraduates and
graduates,
with the latter determining an alternative meeting time and place. All students will be asked to lead at least
one discussion; graduate students will be asked to submit one-page
analyses of
the readings each week. A paper will
also be assigned; for graduate students this paper can be used to flesh
out a
research proposal. All papers will be
presented during the last week of class.
Readings and Lecture Topics
Lecture 1,
August 31 (W): Introduction
to class
and organizational details
Discussion, September 2 (F): meeting - projects
Lecture 2, September 5 (M): What Made Capitalism (as we know it)
Capitalist? Primitive
Accumulation and the Transition
from
Feudalism
Readings I:
Karl
Marx. Capital:
A
Critique of Political Economy. London: Penguin Books, 1990. (Part
Eight, "The
Secret of Primitive Accumulation and The Expropriation of the
Agricultural
Population from the Land, pp. 873 - 877)
Adam Smith. The Wealth of
Nations.
London:
Penguin
Books, 1997 [1776]. (Book Three, Chapter IV: How the Commerce of
the
Towns Contributed to the Improvement of the Country, pp. 507 -
520). n.b.
you need to go through the table of contents to find this chapter.
I will also be
lecturing from:
Aston, T.H. and Philpin, C.H.E. The
Brenner Debate: Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in
Pre-Industrial Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Moore, B. The
Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Beacon,
1966.
Polanyi, K. The Great
Transformation. Boston:
Beacon Press, 1944 [1957]. Chapters 1 and 6, pp. 3-19 and 68-77.
Lecture 3,
September 7 (W): Private Property and
the Commodification of Land
Readings I:
Perelman, M. 2001.
The Invention of Capitalism,
Duke University Press. Selection: The
Secret History of Primitive Accumulation and Classical Political Economy,
or - Chapter 3:
Primitive Accumulation and the Game Laws, pp. 38-59.
Locke, J. Two
Treatises of Government, ed.
Thomas Hollis. London: 1764.
Chapter 5 (Property).
I will also
be lecturing from:
Marx, Karl, “The Secret of Primitive
Accumulation,”
Part 8 in Capital, pp. 873-943.
Harvey,
David. “The Theory of Rent,” in The Limits to Capital,
Chapter 11, pp.
330-373.
Guha,
Ranajit (1996). A Rule of
Property for Bengal: an
essay on the idea of permanent settlement.
Durham: Duke University Press.
Clark, Gordon L. (1982) “Rights,
Property, and
Community,” in Economic Geography
58(2): 120-138.
Discussion
1, September 9 (F): Private Property, Eminent Domain and Wal-Mart: The Super-Store Comes to Town, but should it
get your
House?
Lecture 4,
September 12 (M): The Commodification of Labor
Readings I
Burawoy, M. “Toward a Theory of the
Capitalist Labor
Process,” Chapter Two in Manufacturing
Consent: Changes in the Labor Process under Monopoly Capitalism. U of Chicago
Press, pp. 13-30.
Thompson, E.P.
“Exploitation,”
in The Making of
the English Working Class, pp. 189-212.
Readings II:
Polanyi, K. The Great Transformation. Boston:
Beacon Press, 1944 [1957]. Chapter 8:
“Antecedents
and Consequences,” pp. 86-103.
I will also
be lecturing from:
Harvey, David.
“Use Values, Exchange Values, and Values,” in The
Limits to Capital, pp. 1-24.
Mintz, Sidney. Sweetness and Power:
The Place of Sugar in
Modern History. Penguin Books,
1985. (specifically Chapters 2 and 3,
Production and Consumption).
Willis, P. Learning
to Labor. Columbia U.
Press, 1981.
Lecture 5,
September 14 (W): The Commodification of Exchange: Markets
I will also
be lecturing from:
Hirschmann, A. O. 1982.
Rival
Interpretations of Market Society:
Civilizing, Destructive or Feeble?” in Journal
of Economic Literature 20(4): 1463-1484.
Brown,
Vivienne, “The Emergence of the
Economy,” in Modernity, edited by Stuart Hall et al.
Discussion
2, September 16 (F): The Emergence of the Modern Economy
Readings II:
Rothschild, E.
“Adam
Smith and Conservative Economics,” in Economic
History Review, 45/1 (1992): 74-96.
Ugrad
discussant: Kyung
Grad discussant: Kristen
Lecture 6,
September 19 (M): Capitalism, the Dismal Science, and Theories of
Crisis:
Readings I and II:
De Janvry, Alain.
“Laws of Motion in the
Center-Periphery Structure: The
Underlying Forces,”
in The Agrarian Question and Reformism in
Latin America.
Johns Hopkins Press, 1982 (chapter 1, pp.
7-50).
I will also
be lecturing from:
Malthus (on population), Ricardo (on
landlords), Marx
(on profit), Weber (on bureaucracy), Keynes (on savings), Schumpeter
(on
creative destruction)
Lecture 7,
September 21 (W): What
Moves the Capitalist Economy: Theories
of Imperialism
Readings I:
Harvey, David. “The
Geography of the Manifesto" undated manuscript, a contribution to
The Communist Manifesto, 150 years later by Espaces Marx.
I will also
be lecturing from:
Harvey, David, Chapter 13, Crises in
the
Space
Economy of Capitalism: the Dialectics of Imperialism” in The
Limits to Capital, pp. 413-445.
Brewer, A. Marxist
Theories of
Imperialism,: A Critical
Survey. London:
Routledge, 1980.
Hobson, J. Imperialism: A Study. Ann Arbor:University of Michigan
Press, 1967 [1902].
Warren, B.Imperialism: Pioneer of Capitalism.
London:
Verson, 1980. (Selections)
Hardt, M. and A. Negri. “The
Limits of Imperialism,” in Empire (2000), Harvard University
Press.
Discussion
3, September 23 (F): Can Capitalism Survive?
Readings II:
Heilbroner, Robert (1993). “Was
Schumpeter Right After All?” in The Journal of
Economic
Perspectives, 7(3): 87-96.
Ugrad discussants: Andy and James
Grad discussant: Holly
Lecture 8,
September 26 (M): Long
Waves, Long Centuries, Business Cycles
and Modes of Regulation
I will also
be lecturing from:
Arrighi, Giovanni, The
Long
Twentieth Century. Verso, 1994.
Introduction and Chapter 1, “The Three Hegemonies of Historical
Capitalism,” pp. 1-85.
Schumpeter J. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy.
5th ed.
London:
George Allen & Unwin, 1976 [1942].
Jessop,
Bob, ed.
Regulation Theory and the Crisis of
Capitalism
(2001).
Lecture 9,
September 28 (W): What Moves the Capitalist Economy II: Globalization
and
Empire
Storper, Michael. “Lived
Effects of the
Contemporary
Economy: Globalization, Inequality and Consumer Society,” in Millenial Capitalism and the Culture of
Neoliberalism, edited by the Comaroffs, 2001 Duke Press, pp. 88-125.
Discussion
4, September 30 (F): Can Globalization Survive?
Readings II:
Hardt, M. and A. Negri. (2000) Empire. Cambridge:
Harvard University Press. Chapters 3.6, "Capitalist
Sovereignty, or Administering the Global Society of Control," pp.
325-350.
Ugrad discussant:Ben and Agustin
Grad discussant: Travis
Lecture 10,
October 3 (M): Guest Lecture by Karla Slocum
Readings I and II:
Slocum, Karla (2005), "Globalization,
the Nation, and Labour Struggles within St. Lucia's Banana Industry,"
in Revisiting Caribbean Labor edited by Constance R. Sutton (handed out
in class - if you don't have it, see me!)
Lecture 11,
October 5 (W): Colonial
Articulations: Banana Republics and US
Intervention in Latin America
Discussion 5, October 7 (F): Yes, we have no
bananas (yes, you have no
reading for today)
Come prepared to talk about bananas and your research projects
Lecture 12,
October 10 (M): Hegemony and the Construction of Resistance
Sections from the
New York Times series on "Class
Matters." You may have to sign on to the NYTimes to
access this - it's free and the paper does not sell its lists, so
please do this. Read the Overview and the section on
Education. Also read anything that catches your eye, and take a
look at the graphics.
Also see, an interview
with Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe on Red Pepper.
Lecture
13, October 12 (W): The Populist Alternative
Readings I and II
Kitching, G.
Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective: Populism,
Nationalism and Industrialization. New York: Methuen,
1982. (Chapters on Populism and
NeoPopulism). On e-reserves.
I will also
be lecturing from:
Lipton, M. "Why
Poor People Stay Poor," in J. Harriss ed. Rural
Development: Theories of
Peasant Economy and Agrarian Change. London: Hutchinson University
Library, 1982: 66-82.
Laclau,
Ernesto. (2004), “Populism: What’s In
a Name?”
from his new book on Populism.
Discussion
6, October 14 (F): Utopia Unarmed
Reading II:
Hall, Stuart (1996). "The
Problem of Ideology: Marxism without Guarantees," reprinted in Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues,
edited by David Morley and Kuan-Hsing Chen. New York: Routledge
Press, pp. 25-47. On
e-reserve.
Ugrad
discussant: Travis
Grad discussant: Adrian
Lecture 14,
October 17 (M): Discovery
of the
Economy and Development Economics
I will also
be lecturing from:
Bowles, S. and H. Gintis, “The Revenge
of
Homo Economicus:
Contested Exchange and the Revival of Political Economy,’ in Journal of Economic Perspectives,
7/1:83-102 (1993).
Lecture 15,
October 19 (W): Development
Economics, Agriculture, and Industry
Readings
Staatz, J.M. and
C.K.
Eicher.
“Agricultural Development: Ideas in Historical Perspective.” In Staatz
and
Eicher, eds. Agricultural Development in
the Third World (1990, Johns Hopkins
University
Press, 2 Edition), pp. 3-28. (on
reserve)
Akhil Gupta. Postcolonial
Developments:
Agriculture in the Making of Modern India. Durham: Duke
University Press, 1998
(Introduction, pp. 1-33). (on
reserve)
Readings II:
Friedmann, H. and P.
McMichael. “Agriculture and
the State System: the Rise and Decline of National Agricultures, 1870
to the
present,” in Sociologia Ruralis, 29/2: 93-117 (1989). (on
reserve)
I will also
be lecturing from:
Kloppenburg, J.
First the Seed: The Political
Economy of Plant Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1988.
*** Fall
Break ***
Lecture 16, October
24 (M): The Household, Gender and Development
Readings I:
Wright, Melissa.
“The Dialectics of Still Life: Murder, Women and Maquiladoras,”
in Millenial Capitalism and the Culture of
Neoliberalism, edited by the Comaroffs, 2001 Duke Press, pp.
125-147. (on
reserve)
Rebhun, LindaAnne (1994) “A
Heart Too Full: The Weight of Love in the Northeast,” in the Journal of
Folklore 104(423)
I will also
be lecturing from :
Scott, Joan.
“Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis,” and “Women
in the
Making of the English Working Class,” in Gender
and the Politics of History, pp. 28-52 and 68-93.
Lecture 17,
October 26 (W) In-class Mid-Term
***
October 28 - class cancelled
Lecture 18,
October 31 (M): Agrarian
Reform, Land Tenure Regimes and Peasants
Reading I:
Bourdieu, P. and A. Sayad, “Colonial Rule and
Cultural
Sabir,” in Ethnography, 5(4): 445-486
(2004).
Readings II:
Carney J. and Watts
M. “Manufacturing
Dissent: Work, Gender
and the Politics of Meaning in a Peasant Society,” in Africa, 60/2:207-241
(1990).
I will also
be lecturing from:
Henry Bernstein. "Land
Reform: Taking a Long(er) View," in Journal of
Agrarian Change, 2(4): 433. October 2002.
Alain
de Janvry, Elisabeth Sadoulet, and
Wendy
Wolford. 2001. The
Changing Role of the State in Latin American Land Reforms. In
Alain de
Janvry et al., eds. Access to Land, Rural Poverty, and Public Action.
Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
279-303.
Lecture 19,
November 2 (W): Invisible
Subjects: Indigeneity and Indigenous Peoples
Readings I:
Greene, Alex, “The Voice of Ix Chel:
Fashioning Maya
Tradition in the Belizean
Rain Forest,” in In Search of the Rain Forest, edited by
Candace Slater, pp. 101-132 (e-reserve).
Chagnon,
Napoleon (26 February 1988). “Life
Histories, Blood Revenge, and Warfare
in a Tribal Population,” in Science 239(4843): 985-992.
I will also be lecturing from:
Castree, Noel.
“Differential
geographies: place, indigenous rights and ‘local’
resources,” in Political Geography,
23: 133-167 (2004).
Hale, Charles.
“Does multiculturalism menace? Governance, cultural rights, and
the
politics of identity in Guatemala,”
in Journal of Latin American Studies,
34(3): 485-524.
Discussion 7,
November 4 (F): Development:
What’s at Stake?
Readings I and II:
James Ferguson, with Larry
Lohmann.
1994. “The
Anti-Politics Machine: "Development" and Bureaucratic Power in
Lesotho,” in The Ecologist
24(5): 176-181.
Ugrad
discussant: Shaniel and David
Grad discussant: MaryLecture 20,
November 7 (M): Nation-States, Governmentality, and Discipline: Good
Consumers,
Good Workers
Readings I:
Foucault, M., 1991,
“Governmentality,” in The Foucault
Effect: Studies in Governmentality, edited by Graham Burchell,
Colin Gordon
and Peter Miller. Chicago:
University
of Chicago Press,
1991 (e-reserve)
Readings II:
Foucault, Discipline
and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
Chapter on Panopticism,
pp. 195-231.
I
will also be lecturing from:
Foucault, Discipline
and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
Chapters on Docile Bodies, pp. 135-156 and The Means of Correct
Training, pp. 170-195.
Anderson,
Benedict,
1983. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread
of
Nationalism. New York:
Verso. Chapters 1-3 (pp. 1-46) and Chapter 6 (pp. 83-113) and Chapter 8
(pp.
141-155)
Lecture 21,
November 9 (W): Post-Colonialism
and Subaltern Studies
Readings I:
Guha, “On Some Aspects of the
Historiography
of
Colonial India,” in Mapping Subaltern
Studies and the PostColonial, edited by Vinayek Chaturvedi, pp. 1-8
(e-reserve).
Prakash, Gyan. “Subaltern
Studies as
Postcolonial
Criticism,” in American Historical
Review 99 (December 1994) pp. 1475-1490.
Readings II:
O’Hanlon, Rosalind, “Recovering
the
Subject:
Subaltern
Studies and Histories of Resistance in Colonial South Asia,” in Mapping Subaltern Studies and the
PostColonial, edited by Vinayek Chaturvedi, pp. 72-116 (e-reserve).
Discussion
8, November 11 (F): Location and Voice: Can the Subaltern Speak?
Readings II:
Spivak, G. “Can the Subaltern
Speak?”
in Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture,
edited by Cary Nelson and Larry Grossberg, pp. 271-313.
Ugrad
discussant: Liz and Travis
Grad discussant: Tamara
Lecture 22, November 14 (M): The
Hoary Multitudes:
Classic Social Movement Theories
Readings I:
Tarrow, Sidney, 1998.
Power in Movement: Social Movements and Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Introduction (pp. 10-25) (e-reserve).
Readings II:
Mitchell, Timothy
(1990). “Everyday
Metaphors of Power,”
in Theory and Society 19(5):
545-577.
Lecture 23,
November 16 (W): New Social
Movements and alternative theories
Readings I:
Habermas,
Jurgen, 1991. “New
Social Movements,” in
Telos, 49: 33-37.
Slater, David (1991). "New Social Movements and Old Political Questions:
Rethinking State-Society Relations in Latin American Development,"
International Journal of Political
Economy (Spring): 33-65.
Readings II:
Martin Deb and Byron Miller,
2000. Chapter 1, “Missing Geography:
Social
Movements on the Head of a Pin?” in Geography
And Social Movements: Comparing Antinuclear Activism in the Boston Area,
by Miller: pp. 1-39 (e-reserve).
Optional:
Sewell, William H. Jr., 2001.
“Space in Contentious Politics,” in Silence and
Voice in the Study of
Contentious Politics, edited by Doug McAdam, Sidney Tarrow, and
Charles
Tilly. Cambridge:
Cambridge
University Press
(pp. 51-89) (e-reserve).
Ugrad discussant:
Stacey and Tommy
Grad discussant: Craig
Lecture 24, November 21 (M): The New
Imperialism and Accumulation by Dispossession
Readings I:
Harvey, D. The
New Imperialism. Oxford:
Oxford University
Press, 2003. Chapter 4:
Accumulation by Dispossession, pp. 137-168 (e-reserve).
Duménil, G. and D. Levy (2002) “The Nature and
Contradictions
of Neoliberalism,” in The Socialist Register, edited by Leo
Panitch
and Colin Leys.
Readings
II:
Fukayama,
F. “The End of History?”
in The
National Interest, Summer 1989.
I will also be
lecturing
from:
Fine, Ben, "Neither
the Washington
nor the Post-Washington Consensus: An introduction," Unpublished ms
(n.d.)
Lal, Deepak, "The
New Cultural Imperialism: The Greens and Economic Development," the
2000 annual Julian L. Simon lecture, Liberty Institute, New Delhi.
Lecture 25,
November 23 (W): Fair
Trade, Labels, and all
that Yuppy stuff?
Laura Raynolds. "Re-embedding global
agriculture:
The international organic and fair trade movements," in Agriculture
and
Human Values, September 2000, Volume 17, Issue 3 (access the
article
from the journal's table of contents).
Ugrad
discussant: Jace and
Mike
Grad discussant: Stephanie
*** Happy Thanksgiving!
Lecture 26,
November 28 (M): Local
Alternatives: The Plenty (guest lecture)
Lecture 27,
November 30 (W): Local
Organizing: Student Action for Farmworkers (guest lecture from SAF)
Readings I and II:
Cravey, Altha (2003). "Toque
una Ranchera Por Favor" Antipode 35(3)
Discussion
10, December 2 (F): Finding Alternatives?
Readings II:
Watts, Michael, “Development and Governmentality,”
in the Singapore
Journal of Tropical Geography 24(1): 6-34 (2003).
Gibson-Graham, J.K., “The
Impatience of
Familiarity: A
commentary on Michael Watts' ‘Development and Governmentality,’” in
the
Singapore
Journal of Tropical Geography
24(1): 35-37 (2003).
Ugrad discussant: Gaya and Abby
Grad discussant: Helene
Lecture 28,
December 5 (M): Class Presentations (undergraduates)
Lecture 29,
December 7 (W): Class Presentations (undergraduates)
Discussion
11, December 9 (F): Class Presentations (undergraduates)
(no graduate discussion - graduates strongly urged to attend class this
week)