History 140-006

Fall 2008

Hunziker

The World Since 1945

| Contact Information | Course Overview and Objectives | Readings |

| Requirements and Grading | Course Guidelines | Schedule of Classes and Assignments |

 

 

Contact Information

 

Instructor: Dr. Brandon Hunziker (branhunz@email.unc.edu)

Webpage: http://www.unc.edu/courses/2008fall/hist/140/006/

Lecture: Howell 104, MWF, 10-11 am

Office Hours: Hamilton Hall 515, Tues/Thur 9-11 am or by appointment

Telephone: 962-2374 (email is always better)

Teaching Assistants:  Steven Milder (smilder@unc.edu)

                                                      Ali Rodriguez (aarodrig@email.unc.edu)

                                                      Lisi Lotz (lotz@email.unc.edu)

 

 

Course Overview and Objectives

 

This course surveys some of the major events, issues, and trends - political, economic, and cultural - that have shaped the history of both individual states and the international system from 1945 to the present day. Because it would be impossible to cover everything important that happened in the world during this sixty-year period in one semester, we will concentrate on the following topics: the Cold War; decolonization in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia; the collapse of Soviet-style communism and the emergence of a new, less coherent, but more dynamic international system after 1991; the origins of several current global conflicts and issues, especially those involving ethnicity, religion, and the Islamic world; and the consequences of economic modernization and globalization. As you will see, all of these topics overlap and influence each other in numerous ways. Moreover, they all continue to shape the world we live in today. In short, theyÕre all things that the informed global citizen ought to know something about.

 

The most important objective of this course, however, is not just to have you master a body of information. Instead, it is to teach you the value of thinking historically about the world you live in. For example, without knowing some basic history and having the skills to analyze it, you canÕt understand how the United States emerged as the dominant world power after World War II and especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Likewise, you would be unable to grasp the reasons for the Arab-Israeli conflict or the origins of the United StatesÕ current involvement in Iraq. And if you donÕt know the historical and cultural context that produced Osama bin Laden, you really can't know who he is, what he wants, and why he wants to kill you. In addition, you would have enormous difficulty explaining to someone how the global economy has evolved over the past several decades, or why China and India have recently emerged as economic powerhouses. These are just some examples, but the point is that if you donÕt possess some basic knowledge about recent world history and the ability to think about it critically, you really canÕt understand much at all about this world, how it works, and some of the most important issues that confront it. Consequently, your opinions about these issues would almost certainly be uninformed. As citizens of an increasingly interconnected global community, youÕd probably agree that this is not a position you want to find yourself in. While this course canÕt give you all of the answers you need or want, it will hopefully spark your intellectual curiosity, make you ask questions, and encourage you to think historically about the global issues that will shape your lives in the decades to come.

 

In addition to this larger objective, this course aims to improve your ability to analyze primary and secondary sources critically, write clearly and coherently, and articulate your thoughts confidently in front of others. These are skills that will benefit you no matter what your chosen field of study or career may be.

 

Readings

 

Required Books: The following books are required reading for this course. They are available for purchase at the UNC Campus Bookstore. You may, however, find better deals from online booksellers. I recommend (but donÕt work for!) Buy.com, Ecampus.com, and Amazon.com ($53.15 delivered from Amazon). Be sure that you get the right edition by using the ISBN numbers provided below. To find the lowest prices, click on the ISBN numbers on the web-based version of this syllabus.

 

 

Course Reader: In addition to the required books, you will read several primary sources and articles from a course reader available in PDF format. Click here to download the course reader. Your first assignment of the semester is to print this course reader out, put it in a binder, and bring it with you to your first recitation. Your TAs will check to make sure that you have done this. If you do not complete this assignment, five points will be deducted from your class participation grade. Another five points will be deducted from your class participation grade for each time that you fail to bring hardcopies of your readings (books and course reader documents) to recitation. ItÕs hard to discuss texts if you donÕt have them in front of you.

 

Recommended Textbook: There is no required textbook for this course. However, for those of you whoÕd like more background information or want to reinforce material from lectures, I recommend reading the corresponding pages from Michael HuntÕs The World Transformed: 1945 to the Present (0312245831), which is also available for purchase at the bookstore. It is more important, however, that you read the required books and other supplementary readings for this course.

 

Reading the News: As students at an elite university and future members of the educated elite, you should be keeping up with current affairs, both domestic and international. And while a few minutes with the Daily Tarheel or broadcast news outlets such as CNN and Fox News may be all you can manage on some days, you should try to expose yourselves to more sophisticated, elite newspapers such as The New York Times, Washington Post, or Wall Street Journal; thoughtful opinion magazines like the The New Republic, Slate.com, The New Yorker, The Atlantic, The National Review, or The Weekly Standard; and Òhard newsÓ services including the Associated Press (AP) or Reuters. Yahoo News and Google News provide easy access to a wide range of Òhard newsÓ reports and analysis from wire services and thousands of foreign, national, and local newspapers. Public Radio InternationalÕs program ÒThe WorldÓ offers some excellent, in-depth, and historically informed reporting. Keeping up with the news will make this course more enjoyable and hopefully instill a good habit that will make you a more informed global citizen for the rest of your life. And if thatÕs not incentive enough, you canÕt really understand John Stewart, Steven Colbert, or The Onion, AmericaÕs finest news source, if you donÕt stay informed.

 

How Much Reading? There is a substantial, but still manageable amount of reading in this course. Some weeks will be lighter than others. The longest readings (books) will fall on weeks 3, 7, 10, 12 and 14, so plan accordingly. You will almost certainly not be able to complete these readings the night before your recitation section meets. It is absolutely essential, however, that you complete all of the readings on time so that you can participate actively in recitation.

 

Requirements and Grading

 

Lectures: All of the ÒfactsÓ you need for exams will be presented in lectures, so I highly recommend that you attend them all. Lecture outlines will be posted on the online version of this syllabus (see webpage address above) the before class meets. I highly recommend that you download and print out these outlines before class so that you can spend more time listening and thinking than copying. In the past, students have copied these notes into MS Word files to take notes with their laptops. You cannot pass this class by relying on your textbook, Google, or Wikipedia.

 

Recitation: Recitation is an integral component of this course. It is where you and your classmates will ÒdoÓ history together by critically discussing primary and secondary sources, freely exchanging your thoughts, ideas, and questions, and, in the process, improving your ability to articulate yourself in front of others. It is here where you will actively create knowledge, not just absorb it. You will be assessed according to how well (qualitatively and quantitatively) you participate in weekly discussions. In general, the more you offer your informed thoughts in recitation about the subject material, the better you will do. So prepare well for recitation by reading the assigned texts carefully, thinking of questions, ideas, and issues they provoke, and coming ready to share them.

 

Reading Responses: You will submit ten (10) brief responses of about 300-350 words each to questions on your major readings. (Click here for Questions). The point of these ÒhomeworkÓ assignments, which are each worth 1% of your total grade, is to 1) make sure youÕre doing the reading and 2) engaging with it critically. We do not expect you to write polished essays here, but rather short responses informed by your critical engagement with the assigned reading. In addition to answering the main question, your responses may include your own general reactions to and opinions about the reading. You might also want to pose an additional question that you could then bring up in recitation. Your response must, however, cite the text directly at least once with a short quotation or a specific reference to something in it (an argument, fact, example, etc). In order to avoid large amounts of paper flowing from you to your TA and then back again, you will submit your responses electronically to Blackboard by typing or cutting and pasting them directly into the field provided. (See ÒAssignmentsÓ on Blackboard) I recommend, however, that you keep a backup of all your responses in an MS Word file. With the exception of weeks 9 and 13, your response will be due when your recitation section meets. No late responses will be accepted, so make sure you get them in on time. Your TA will then read it, occasionally offer some brief feedback, and assign a grade of 0% or 100%. You should also know that I have collected every single reading response (over 4000 in total) submitted by students in my courses over the past two years into one very easily searchable file. We can and will be making sure that the reading responses you submit are in fact your own by conducting random checks. In the past, these reading responses have tended to boost studentsÕ grades – getting a 100% ÒhomeworkÓ grade is easy. At the same time, students who didnÕt complete them saw their grades fall.

 

Exams: During the semester, you will take two 50-minute written exams consisting of IDs and an essay. At the end of the semester, you will take a 2-hour final exam (Saturday, December 6 at 12:00 p.m. in Howell 104), which will consist of map identifications, IDs, several cumulative short answer questions, and an essay.

 

Analytical Essay: You will write a thesis-driven, analytical essay of 2000 words (6-7 pages) based on two of the major readings (Drakulic & Ebadi or Luce & Gifford). Specific instructions for this essay will be provided at the beginning of the third week of class. It will be due on Monday, November 24, at the start of class.

 

Extra Credit Films: During the semester films we will show films relevant to the course material outside of class, usually on a Wednesday evening. In the past, students have gotten a lot out of these films. While I think you should attend on your own free will, as an added incentive we will add 3.3 points to your class participation grade (up to 9.9 points total, or about 1 additional point on your final grade) for each film you attend. In order to receive these points you must attend the scheduled screenings on time and stay until the film is over.

 

Grading: Your grade will be determined according to the following percentages and grading scale. All grades will be available on Blackboard.

 

Assignments

Weight

 

Grading Scale

 

Reading Responses (10)

10%

 

92.5-100

A

Exam #1

17.5%

 

89.5-92.4

A-

Exam #2

17.5%

 

86.5-89.4

B+

Analytical Essay

20%

 

82.5-86.4

B

Final Exam        

25%

 

79.5-82.4

B

Class Participation

10%

 

76.5-79.4

C+

 

 

 

72.5-76.4

C

 

 

 

69.5-72.4

C-

 

 

 

66.5-69.4

D+

 

 

 

60.5-66.4

D

 

 

 

0-60.4

F

 

Make-ups and Extensions: Make-ups and extensions will only be granted in the event of an officially documented personal emergency (sickness, family tragedies, etc.). Special events such as interviews or athletic competitions will also be considered reasonable grounds to make-up an exam, but not for an extension on the memo assignment or another opportunity to submit a reading response. Such events must also be documented. Reading responses may not be made-up. All exam make-ups will be held on. A hardcopy of your memo assignment must be submitted at the beginning of class on. Be sure to save your paper as an MS Word document and keep it until the end of the semester. Ten points will be deducted from your paper for each 24-hour period that they are late, beginning five minutes after the start of class. If you know that you will be unable an exam, please inform your teaching assistant and me through email as far in advance as possible. The final exam will be held on Saturday, December 6 at 12:00 p.m. in Howell 104. Please do not plan to travel before then.

 

 

Some Basic Guidelines

 

Attendance and Tardiness:: Attendance at lectures is not mandatory, although it will be hard to pass this class if you do not attend them regularly. Attendance at recitation section, however, is mandatory. Unexcused absences from recitation will result in a 10-point deduction from your participation grade. Please make every effort to arrive on time for both lectures and recitations. If you are late (not more than 10 minutes) for lecture, please enter through the back door of the classroom and take a seat closest to the door in the back row. Please do not walk in front of me if you arrive late or have to leave the room. In general, you should not come to class late or leave early because of other appointments or obligations. You should consider this class an appointment that you have scheduled three times per week for the rest of the semester. Either make that appointment or break it, but donÕt come to it late or leave early because youÕve scheduled another one for the same time.

 

Cell Phones and Laptops: Please turn your cell phones off - not to vibrate, but off – before class begins. Now, the chances are pretty good that cell phones will ring a few times in the course of the semester. If yours does, turn it off quickly. No need to apologize. However, if you are a repeat offender, you may be asked to leave. You may, of course, use your laptop to take notes. Do not, however, use your laptop to email, surf the web, watch movies, instant message, or check each other out on Facebook. If your teaching assistant or I catch you doing any of these things, you will be asked to leave. There are few things I find more distracting or disrespectful than a student gazing into a laptop screen or cell phone and doing things that have nothing to do with the course. If you want to do these things, please do them someplace where I wonÕt disturb you with my lecture.

 

Classroom Conduct: Please do not eat, sleep, read, do work for other classes, or chat with your neighbor during class. If you cannot control the urge to talk with your neighbor in class, I suggest that you move to another seat. Seriously – it can be hard not to talk to friends during a lecture. You may, of course, drink coffee or other beverages during class, especially if they help you stay awake. Please do not start packing up your things until I end the class, as it is very distracting both to me and other students who are still listening.

 

Honor Code: The UNC Honor Code applies to all of your work and conduct in this course. Cheating, plagiarism, or insensitive behavior (i.e. not respecting your classmates or instructors) of any kind will not be tolerated. If you do not know what constitutes cheating, plagiarism, or insensitivity, please reread the honor code or ask me, as claiming ignorance is not a valid excuse. Internet plagiarism is a growing problem on college campuses nationwide, and one your teaching assistants and I will do everything we can to combat. If we have any reason to believe that you may have plagiarized, we will carefully examine your work using all of the tools available to us. Our advice to you: donÕt even try it – itÕs really not worth it. In fact, most of the plagiarism IÕve seen has not been very good anyway!

 

Problems, Concerns, and Difficulties: We would like to talk to you about any concerns you may have about a grade, your performance in the course, problems with the material, and especially how to improve. We would ask, however, that you wait at least 24 hours before talking to us about any paper or exam that has just been handed back. Any issue that involves your teaching assistant (a grade, discussion section, etc.) should be discussed first with him or her. Remember, email can sometimes lead to unnecessary misunderstandings and confusion. ItÕs sometimes best to discuss things in person. When you do write us emails, begin them with a ÒDearÓ or ÒHiÓ and end with a ÒSincerelyÓ or ÒThanks,Ó followed by your name. WeÕll extend the same courtesy to you.

 

 

Schedule of Classes, Readings, and Assignments
(This schedule, the readings, and assignments are subject to change at the discretion of the instructor.)

I. Ideological Conflict on a Global Scale: The Cold War, 1945-1989

Week 1

Introduction and the Cold War

8/20

Introduction: Major Forces in World History since 1945
Hunt: 1-25

8/22

The Cold War: Definitions, Origins, and Early History, 1917-1962
Hunt: 27-54, 84-108

No Recitation This Week – Come to Lecture in Howell Hall on Friday at 10 a.m.

 

Week 2

Cold War Societies and Cultures

8/25

The Cold War at Home and Abroad, 1945-1975
Hunt: 54-60, 68-73, 147-170

8/27

Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 1917-1956
Extra Credit Film: Stanley Kubrick, ÒDr. StrangeloveÓ (7:00 pm, Murphey 116)

8/28-29

Recitation:  Containment, Red Scares and Cold War Identities

Read:  1) George F. Kennan, ÒThe Long Telegram,Ó 2/22/1946  (located in course reader)

            2) Paul Nitze, NSC-68

            3) Nikolai Novikov, Telegram to Moscow, September 1946.

Watch: (Online - Click Here): ÒRed NightmareÓ (28:40) (you will discuss this film in class)

Hunt: 60-68, 306-311

Optional: "Atomic Veteran" (From Dick Gordan's "The Story" on WUNC)

 

Week 3

De-Stalinization:  Possibilities and Limits

9/1

Labor Day – No Class

9/3

Life after Stalin in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 1956-1980s

9/4-9/5

Recitation: The Banality of Everyday Life in Communist Europe

Read: Slavenka Drakulic, How We Survived Communism & Even Laughed

 

Week 4

Revolution and War in Asia: China and Korea

9/8

The Communist Revolution in China: Origins and Triumphs, 1839-1956

Hunt: 111-122, 240-7
NOTE: You should begin reading Edward Luce's In Spite of the God's: The Rise of Modern India NOW. This is the longest and probably most difficult reading this semester. Since you do not have any major reading this or next week, and the readings for your next recitation section (9/25-9/26) are rather short (20 pages), you will have plenty of time to complete this book. Read two chapters each week and you will have no trouble finishing it before your recitation meets to discuss this book on 10/2-10/3.

9/10

MaoÕs ÒGreat Leap ForwardÓ and the ÒCultural Revolution,Ó 1956-1976

9/12

Documentary: MaoÕs China

No Recitation This Week – Come to Lecture in Howell Hall on Friday at 10 a.m.

 

Week 5

The End of the Cold War and the Fall of Communism in Europe

9/15

DŽtente, the Second Cold War, and Gorbachev

Read:    Excerpts from Mikhail GorbachevÕs UN General Assembly Speech, 12/7/1988.

Hunt:  303-334

9/17

The Revolutions of 1989-1991 in Eastern Europe and the Fall of the Soviet Union

9/19

Exam #1 (Held in Howell 10-11 a.m. on Friday, September 19)

 

 

Part II. Decolonization and Conflict in the Third World

Week 6

The Vietnam War, 1945-1975

9/22

VietnamÕs Struggle for Independence, 1925-1964

Hunt: 122-129

9/24

Vietnam, the United States, and the Limits of Containment, 1964-1975

Hunt:     170-182, 247-251

Extra Credit Film: ÒHearts and MindsÓ

9/25-9/26

Recitation:  The Vietnam War

Read:    1) Ho Chi Minh, ÒVietnamese Declaration of Independence,Ó 9/2/1945

            2) Manifesto of the Laodong Party, February, 1951

            3) Viet Cong Program, 1962

                  4) Lyndon B. Johnson, ÒPeace without Conquest,Ó 4/7/1965

            5) Letters between Johnson and Ho Chi Minh, February, 1967

            6) MLK, ÒDeclaration of Independence from Vietnam,Ó 4/4/1967

 

Week 7

Strange Success: India since 1945

9/29

Indian Independence, 1885-1948

Hunt:  129-138

10/1

India after Pakistan since 1948

10/2-10/3

Recitation: The Rise of Modern India

Read: Edward Luce, In Spite of the Gods: The Rise of Modern India

 

Week 8

Hope and Despair in Africa

10/6

South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid, 1910-1994

10/8

Kleptocracy, Failed State and Civil War in the Congo, 1962-2006

Listen: NPR ÒThe WorldÓ Report on Patrice LumumbaÕs Legacy (7/13/06)

Hunt:  266-268

10/9-10/10

Recitation:  War, Plunder, and Rape in the Congo

Read: 1) Blaine Hardin, ÒA Black Mud From Africa Helps Power the New Economy,Ó NYT Magazine, 8/21/2001.

          2) Stephanie Nolen, ÒNot Women Anymore,Ó Ms. Magazine, Spring 2005

Watch: CBS News, ÒWar Against WomenÓ (60 Minutes, January 13, 2008)

 

Week 9

Latin America, The United States, and the Cuban Revolution

10/13

Latin America and the United States, 1890-1989

Hunt:  259-266

10/15

The Cuban Revolution, 1954-2006 (see outline above)

Listen: NPR Report on the The 50th Anniversary of Cuban Uprising (7/27/2003).

Read: Jon Lee Anderson, ÒCastroÕs Last Battle: Can the Revolution Outlast Its Leader?Ó The New Yorker, 7/31/2006 or ÒFidelÕs Heir: The Influence of Hugo Ch‡vezThe New Yorker, June 23, 2008. These articles are not in your course reader; click on the links to access them. There is no required response for these readings, but I hope you'll read and enjoy them nonetheless, intellectually curious students that you are.

10/16-10/17

Fall Break – No Recitation

 

Week 10

Nationalism, Religion, and Conflict in the Middle East

10/20

The Origins of Israel and the Arab/Palestinian-Israeli Conflict, 1895-1967

10/22

The Arab/Palestinian-Israeli Conflict since 1967

Listen: NPR ÒThe World ReportÓ on the Six Day War, Part I (6/4/2007) and Part II (6/4/2007)

Hunt:  403-412

Extra Credit Film: ÒDeath in GazaÓ

10/23-10/24

Recitation: The Search for Understanding in an Intractable Conflict

Read: Sandy Tolan, The Lemon Tree: An Arab, a Jew, and the Heart of the Middle East

 

 

III. The Post-Cold War World

Week 11

New World Orders and Disorders

10/27

The ÒEnd of HistoryÓ and ÒUnipolarÓ Moment? America in the World since 1990

10/29

Ethno-Nationalism, Ethnic Cleansing, and Genocide in the Balkans, 1989-1999

Read: Tina Rosenburg, ÒDefending the Indefensible,Ó New York Times Magazine, April 19, 1998

Hunt:  375-379

10/31

Exam #2

(click here for review sheet)

 

Week 12

Globalization and the Rise of China

11/3

Globalization: Definitions, Driving Forces, Debates

Hunt:  10-15, 297-302

11/5

ChinaÕs Third Revolution, 1978 - present

11/6-7

New Prosperity, Old Problems: The Contradictions of the New China

Read: Rob Gifford, The China Road: A Journey into the Future of a Rising Power

 

Week 13

Genocide and Failed States in Africa: Rwanda, Darfur and Zimbabwe

11/10

Hutus, Tutsis and the Genocide in Rwanda, 1994

Read: Choose one of the following articles to read and respond to this week. They are not in your course reader, but can be accessed by clicking on the links in the syllabus. You will not be penalized for reading them all.

1) Phillip Gourevitch, ÒAfter the Genocide,Ó The New Yorker, December 18, 1995.

2) Peter Landesman, ÒWomenÕs Work,Ó The New York Times Magazine, September 15, 2002.

11/12

Never Again? The Darfur Crisis and the International Community

3) Richard Just, ÒThe Truth Will Not Set You Free,Ó The New Republic, August 27, 2008

11/13-11/14

Destroying a State: Robert Mugabe and the Collapse of Zimbabwe

4) Peter Goodwin, ÒDay of the Crocodile,Ó Vanity Fair, September 2008.

5) John Lee Anderson, "The Destroyer," The New Yorker, October 27, 2008.

No Recitation This Week – Come to Lecture in Howell Hall on Friday at 10 a.m.

 

Week 14

The Islamic Alternative in the Middle East

11/17

The Failure of Secular Nationalism and the Islamist Alternative

11/19

The Iranian Revolution, Khomeinism, and the Rise of Iran
Listen: NPR ÒThe WorldÓ Report on the 1953 Coup in IranÓ

Hunt:  388-395

11/21

Recitation: Living in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Read: Sharin Ebadi, Iran Awakening: One WomanÕs Journey to Reclaim Her Life and Country

 

Week 15

Global Islamic Terrorism: Origins and Goals

11/24

Jihadist Ideology, Osama bin Laden, and the Origins of Al Qaeda

Read: ÒThe Foundations of the New Terrorism,Ó in The 9/11 Commission Report

Hunt: 464-467

Analytical Essay Due

11/26-11/28

Thanksgiving

 

Week 16

Modern Iraq, US Foreign Policy, and the Future of the Middle East

12/1

Iraq in the Twentieth Century, 1916-1990

Course Evaluations

12/3

The Origins of the Iraq War

Read: Max Boot, ÒThe Case for American Empire,Ó The Weekly Standard, October 15, 2001

 

Final Exam:
Saturday, December 6 at 12:00 p.m. in Howell 104