The Failure of Secular Arab
Nationalism
and the
Islamic
Alternative
Gamal Abdel Nasser,
1918-1970
á
What are the origins and meanings of secular Arab
nationalism and ÒNasserismÓ in particular?
á What is Islamic
Fundamentalism? What is Islamism? What
are their origins, appeals, and goals?
Key
Terms
1)
Secular Arab Nationalism
2)
Gamal Abdel Nasser and ÒNasserismÓ
3)
Pan-Arabism
4)
Non-Aligned Movement
5)
United Arab Republic
6)
Islamic Fundamentalism
7)
Islamism
I. The Model of Secular Arab Nationalism:
The Egyptian ÒRevolutionÓ of 1952
- Egypt and the Ottoman Empire,
1805-1882
- British Imperialism in Egypt, 1875/1882-1952
o
The Suez Canal and
Western Interests (1854-1879)
o
Egyptian Bankruptcy and British-French Control (1879-1882)
o
British Occupation and Puppet Royal Government (1882-1914)
o
British Protectorate (1914-1922)
o
ÒSupervisedÓ Independence (1922-1952)
- The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the Egyptian
Republic of 1953
- Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918/1953-1970) and ÒNasserismÓ:
A Model for the Arab World
o
Anti-Imperialism
o
Pan-Arab Nationalism (United Arab
Republic) and anti-Israeli Sentiment
o
One-Party Presidential Dictatorship
o
ÒArabÓ Socialism and Secular Modernization (Aswan Dam)
o
The Policy (Illusion) of Non-Alignment
II. The Islamic
Alternative: Fundamentalism and
Islamism
á The ÒCrisisÓ of
the Islamic World since the 18th Century: Reality or Illusion?
o Bernard
Lewis, What
Went Wrong? vs. Edward
Said
á Responses to
Modernity in the Islamic World
o Secular
Reformism (Mustafa
Kemal AtatŸrk)
o Arab-Islamic
Reformism/Nationalism (Nasser)
o Islamic
Fundamentalism/Islamism (Khomeini
or Bin Laden)
á Islamic
Fundamentalism and Sharia Law
á Islamism(s): The Political Ideology of Islamic
Fundamentalism
á Islamism and
Modern Ideologies
á Debates and
Controversies: Western
Constructions and Biases