Infection Control - Guidelines and Recommendations


North Carolina Guidelines for Control of Antibiotic Resistant Organisms, Specifically Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)

North Carolina SARS Response Plan 2004 is online.


Published in 2009


Published in 2008


Published in 2007


Published in 2006


Published in 2005


Published in 2004


Published in 2003

Published in 2002

Published in 2001

Published in 2000

Published in 1999


Published in 1998

Published in 1997

Published in 1996

Published in 1995

Published in 1991


Published in 1983

Other

Links to the guidelines:


Preventing Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis Among Adults

Preventing Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis Among Adults: Use of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine was published in the December 15, 2006, MMWR and is available online.


A Comprehensive Immunization Strategy to Eliminate Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection

A Comprehensive Immunization Strategy to Eliminate Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States was published in the December 8, 2006, MMWR and is available online.


Management of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Healthcare Settings 2006

On October 19, 2006, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention officially released the Multidrug-Resistant Organisms portion of its isolation guidelines. They are available online.


Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Health-Care Settings

These recommendations were published in the MMWR September 22, 2006, and are available online.


Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005

Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005, was published in the MMWR December 30, 2005 and is available to view online and to print pdf format.


Controlling Tuberculosis in the United States

Controlling Tuberculosis in the United States: Recommendations from the American Thoracic Society, CDC, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America: were published in the MMWR November 4, 2005 and are available to view online and to print pdf format.


Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HIV and Recommendations for Postexposure Prophylaxis

Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HIV and Recommendations for Postexposure Prophylaxis were published in the MMWR September 30, 2005 and are available to view online and to print pdf format.


Medicare and Medicaid Programs: Fire Safety Requirements for Certain Health Care Facilities (hand rubs)

Medicare and Medicaid Programs: Fire Safety Requirements for Certain Health Care Facilities; Amendment regarding use of alcohol-based hand rubs was published in The Federal Register on March 25, 2005.


Guidance on Public Reporting of Healthcare-Associated Infections

Guidance on Public Reporting of Healthcare-Associated Infections, Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, was issued on February 28, 2005.


Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Interpretive Guidelines for Hospitals(CMS)

The April 2004 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services guidelines are available:

Regulations and Interpretive Guidelines for Hospitals - Appendix A (Entire section = 103 pages)

Regulations and Interpretive Guidelines for Hospitals - 482.42 Infection Control (Infection Control section only = 4 pages)


OSHA Revised Respriatory Protection Standard Adds New Fit Testing Protocol

August 4, 2004, Federal Register, published an addition to the approved fit-testing protocol in the Respiratory Protection Standard. The revision adds a new quantitative fit-testing procedure.

Legislation was passed in December 2004 prohibiting OSHA from enforcing fit-testing. See article in Report of the Month. Similar legislation was passed June 2005 to extend the prohibition of federal funds for enforcing fit-testing.


Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-Associated Pneumonia, 2003

Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-Associated Pneumonia, 2003 was published March 26, 2004 in the MMWR. It is available online in pdf format or html format.


Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings, 2003.

Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings, 2003, MMWR, December 19, 2003:52(RR-17) is online.


Using Live, Attenuated Influenza Vaccine

Using Live, Attenuated Influenza Vaccine for Prevention and Control of Influenza: Supplemental Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) September 26, 2003/Vol. 52/No. RR-13 is online in html format and pdf format.


Multi-society Guideline for Reprocessing Flexible Gastrointestinal Endoscopes

Multi-society Guideline for Reprocessing Flexible Gastrointestinal Endoscopes is a position paper by SHEA, endorsed by other national professional groups. It was published July 2003.


Treatment of Tuberculosis

MMWR Recommendations and Reports, June 20, 2003/Vol. 52/No. RR-11. Treatment of Tuberculosis - American Thoracic Society, CDC, and Infectious Diseases Society of America html format or pdf format.


Guideline for Environmental Infection Control

The CDC/HICPAC Guideline for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities, 2003 was published in the MMWR June 6, 2003 and is available online, and an erratum is also online. The full guideline, including the scientific background, recommendations, appendices, and full reference list, is online in pdf format.


Recommendations for Using Smallpox Vaccine in a Pre-Event Vaccination Program

Recommendations for Using Smallpox Vaccine in a Pre-Event Vaccination Program Supplemental Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), MMWR February 26, 2003, is available online.


Smallpox Vaccination and Adverse Reactions

February 21, 2003 MMWR Recommendations and Report - Smallpox Vaccination and Adverse Reactions: Guidance for Clinicians is available to view online and in pdf format.


Guidelines for Laboratory Testing and Result Reporting of Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus

MMWR Recommendation and Reports, February 7, 2003/Vol. 52/No. RR-3. Guidelines for Laboratory Testing and Result Reporting of Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus is to view online and to print pdf format.


Hepatitis A and B in Correctional Settings

January 24, 2003 MMWR Recommendations and Report - Prevention and Control of Infections with Hepatitis Viruses in Correctional Settings - is available to view online. and to print pdf format.


Ergonomics: Guidelines for Nursing Homes

The OSHA Ergonomics: Guidelines for Nursing Homes (approved in 2003) is online


Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings

Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force were published in the MMWR October 25, 2002/Vol. 51/No. RR-16. The guideline is available online in html format and pdf format.
Informational Internet Web site is at Hand Hygiene Resource Center.


Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections

These guidelines were published in the August 9, 2002 edition of the MMWR Recommendations and Reports and are online in pdf format and in html format. There was a typesetting error in the second column of the table in Appendix B. If you have printed a copy of the guideline, you can print the corrected table at the link below.
MMWR August 16, 2002. Erratum: Vol. 51, No. RR-10
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5132a9.htm


Guidelines for Preventing Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Infected Persons - 2002

These Recommendations of the US Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America were published in the MMWR June 14, 2002. They are available online in pdf and html format.


General Recommendations on Immunization Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP)

The February 8, 2002 edition of the MMWR Recommendations and Reports is available with these immunization recommendations in html format and in pdf format.


OSHA Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens; Needlesticks and Other Sharps Injuries

The Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) revised the Bloodborne Pathogens standard in conformance with the requirements of the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act. 29 CFR Part 1910 Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens; Needlesticks and Other Sharps Injuries; Final Rule , Federal Register, January 18, 2001


Enforcement Procedures for the Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens

OSHA issued a compliance directive, "Enforcement Procedures for the Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens" in November 2001. It is available online.


Smallpox Response Plan and Guidelines

The CDC Smallpox Response Plan and Guidelines, November 26 2002, (originally available as the interim plan in November 2001) is available online.


Guideline on Infectious Disease Issues in Xenotransplantation

This U.S. Public Health Service guideline was published in the August 24, 2001 MMWR Recommendations and Reports and is available online in html format and also in pdf format. It is a reprint in the MMWR of the January 2001 FDA guideline.


Control and Prevention of Rubella: Evaluation and Management of Suspected Outbreaks, Rubella in Pregnant Women, and Surveillance for Congenital Rubella Syndrome

This guideline was published in the MMWR Recommendations and Reports July 13, 2001, and is available online in html format and in pdf format.


Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV and Recommendations for Postexposure Prophylaxis

This guideline was published in the MMWR Recommendations and Reports June 29, 2001, and is available online in html format and in pdf format.


Vaccinia (Smallpox) Vaccine Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2001

These recommendations were published in the June 22, 2001, issue of MMWR Recommendations and Reports and are available online in html format and in pdf format.


Recommendations for Preventing Transmission of Infections Among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

Recommendations for Preventing Transmission of Infections Among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients was published in the April 27, 2001, MMWR. It is available online.


Guideline on Infectious Disease Issues in Xenotransplantation

The guideline, published January 21, 2001, can be obtained from the Food and Drug Administration web site.


Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information

The Department of Health and Human Services has issued the regulation,"Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information," applicable to entities covered by HIPAA, published in the Federal Register on December 28, 2000. It is available online in several parts: part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, and regulation text,


FDA and HCFA New Hepatitis C Protocols

The Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published proposals in the November 16, 2000, Federal Register that call for blood banks, plasma centers, and hospitals to follow new protocols for hepatitis C (HCV) screening and patient notification. The proposals are on the internet at the Federal Register Web site: proposed rule.


Guidelines for Preventing Opportunistic Infections Among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

This guideline was published October 20, 2000 in the MMWR Recommendations and Reports and is available online in html format or pdf format


Public Health Action Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance

A Public Health Action Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance was developed in 2000. Annual reports are available online at the CDC web site.


APIC Guideline for Infection Prevention and Control in Flexible Endoscopy

Published in 2000. APIC Guideline for Infection Prevention and Control in Flexible Endoscopy is available on-line at APIC.


Single-Use Devices Reprocessed

Enforcement Priorities for Single-Use Devices Reprocessed by Third Parties and Hospitals was issued on August 2, 2000. Available on-line at the FDA.


ACIP Modifies Recommendations for Meningitis Vaccination

On October 21, 1999, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) made modifications to its recommendations for meningitis vaccination for college students. The earlier recommendations were published February 14, 1997.


Prevention of Hepatitis A Through Active or Passive Immunization: Recommendations ACIP

On October 1, 1999, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) made recommendations on Prevention of Hepatitis A Through Active or Passive Immunization in the MMWR.


Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 1999

Guideline published simultaneously in American Journal of Infection Control 1999;27:97-134 and in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 1999;20:247-280.


Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection and HCV-Related Chronic Disease

Published in the MMWR Recommendations and Reports, October 16, 1998, Vol 47, No RR-20. Available on-line at the CDC


Guidelines for Infection Control in Health Care Personnel, 1998

Guidelines published simultaneously in American Journal of Infection Control 1998;26:289-354 and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 1998;19:407-63l. Available on-line at the CDC


Management of Health-Care Worker Exposures to HIV

Guidelines published in the MMWR Recommendations and Reports, May 15, 1998. Available on-line at the CDC.


Immunization of Health-Care Workers

Recommendations published in the MMWR Recommendations and Reports, December 26, 1997. Available on-line at the CDC.


Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

Proposed rule published in the Federal Register: October 17, 1997, pages 54159-54308. Available on-line at Federal Register sites and at OSHA.


APIC Guideline for Selection and Use of Disinfectants

Guideline by William A. Rutala, Ph.D., is published in the August 1996 issue of American Journal of Infection Control and is available online. A new guideline from the CDC will be available in soon.

Updated information on this topic by Dr. Rutala is available at disinfectionandsterilization.org, including a slide show on the new (approved, but unpublished) CDC HICPAC disinfection and sterilization guideline.


Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 was enacted August 21, 1996. It is available online.


Prevention of Varicella

Prevention of Varicella: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recommendations and Reports. July 12, 1996. Available on-line at the CDC.


Tuberculosis in Correctional Facilities

Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional Facilities - Recommendations of the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis. MMWR Recommendations and Reports. June 7, 1996. Available on-line at the CDC.


Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

CPL 2.106 - Enforcement Procedures and Scheduling for Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis. February 9, 1996 (OSHA compliance document).


Preventing Spread of Vancomycin Resistance

Recommendations for Preventing the Spread of Vancomycin Resistance: Recommendations of the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR Recommendations and Reports. September 22, 1995. Online in html format and in pdf format.


Bloodborne Pathogens Standards

Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standards. December 6, 1991. Available on-line at OSHA.


Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections

Guideline for the Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections published in 1983 is available online

North Carolina Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology

Last modified: 21 August 2008