Poli 276: Major Issues in Political Thought (First Amendment)

Spring 2008
Mondays and Wednesdays, 4:30 – 5:45 pm
210 Gardner

Instructor: John Inazu
Office Hours: Wednesdays, 1:00 pm – 4:00 pm (or by appointment)
(Office hours are held in the Union at one of the tables near Alpine Bagels)
Email: inazu@email.unc.edu

Description

This course examines speech, expression, association, and the free exercise of religion as those practices are understood in the context of the First Amendment and constitutional law. We will consider the nature and limits of speech, the role of conscience and dissent, the notion of the common good, the influence of technology on speech, and the relationship between church and state. Because the experiment of the First Amendment is a work in progress, we will ask both critical and normative questions about the constitutional framework that we encounter.

We will also make contemporary applications of the ideas that we study. Should there be legal restrictions about what you can write on an internet blog? Should a church be able to deny employment to someone on the basis of sexual orientation? Should charitable telemarketers be exempt from inclusion on the do-not-call list? What mind-altering substances may be used as a sacrament in religious worship? When do national security interests trump free speech rights? Do Facebook and Myspace create associations warranting legal protection? These kinds of questions will help us to explore the continued importance of the First Amendment to our way of life.

Texts

Daniel Farber, The First Amendment (2nd Ed. 2003)
Ronald Collins and David Skover, The Death of Discourse (2nd Ed. 2005)

Cases and articles listed on the syllabus are available on Blackboard.

Assignments and Course Grade

Class Participation (first half of semester) 15%
Class Participation (second half of semester) 15%
Research Exercise 10%
First Paper (4-6 pages) 20%
Second Paper (8-12 pages) 30%
Final Exam 10%

Many of our readings will be judicial opinions. You may find these difficult to follow or understand, and you may have to read them multiple times before they start to make sense. I will help you focus on the substance relevant to this course instead of technical legal jargon that may otherwise confuse or sidetrack you. But you will still need to read slowly and carefully. The same will be true of some of the philosophical writings that we read.

We will begin most of our classes with 15-20 minutes of small group discussion in which you will engage with 4-5 other students about the readings. These groups will be assigned, and they will change three times over the course of the semester, giving you an opportunity to interact with a number of other students. For each group, one student will be assigned to moderate the discussion and one person will be assigned to take notes.

The note taker will email to me within 48 hours after the class a summary that includes: (1) an assessment of the group leader on a scale of 1-5; (2) an assessment of each participant on a scale of 1-5; (3) a brief comment on the group dynamic; (4) comments or discussion leading techniques that were especially helpful; and (5) comments or discussion leading techniques that could use refinement.

Please send your notes in the body of your email (do not attach a Word document) and copy yourself on the email so that you have a record of it being sent. You will each have four opportunities to moderate your small groups and four opportunities to take notes (and submit summaries) over the course of the semester. We will work out groups and a schedule during the second week of the class. Because your class participation will constitute a major part of your course grade, it is particularly important that you come to class on time and prepared to participate in these discussions.

Each of you will submit a 1-2 page initial writing assignment that will be due in our third class. This will be largely autobiographical and will not require any research. The purpose of this assignment is to let me learn a little about you and to give me a sense of your writing strengths and weaknesses. The assignment will not be graded, but failure to turn it in on time will affect your class participation grade.

Your other writing assignments are due in class on February 25 (first paper) and April 16 (second paper). I will distribute details and grading guidelines about the writing project later in the class.

The multiple choice final exam will take place on Friday, May 2, at 4:00 pm.

Attendance

I expect you to attend all scheduled class meetings, but I understand that conflicts inevitably arise. Accordingly, you may miss up to three classes without penalty. If you miss a class, I will email you after the class so that both you and I have a record of your absence. Each absence after the third—regardless of the reason—will result in a half-step drop in your final course grade (e.g. an A- becomes a B+, a B becomes a B-, and so on) unless you have written permission to miss from the Dean of your school. Because of the stiff penalty for missing more than three classes, I suggest that you reserve your absences for illness, nonnegotiable engagements away from campus, and true emergencies. Missing class does not excuse you from learning what happened that day, and all assignments must be submitted on time unless you have cleared an alternate due date with me in advance.

You will have an absence counted against you for every two classes that you are more than five minutes late.

If you attend every class during the semester and arrive on time, I will add a half-step to your second class participation grade. Please note that for purposes of fairness and consistency, this is an objective determination and I am unable to grant exceptions for any reason.

Communication

I will hold office hours from 1-4 on Wednesday afternoons at one of the tables near Alpine Bagels inside the Student Union. I am also available to meet with you at a different time by appointment.

You can email me with questions or concerns. I will make every effort to respond to your emails within one day of your having sent them, with the exception of emails sent over the weekend or holidays, which I will answer by the following business day. If you plan ahead and stay on top of the deadlines for your assignments, no questions about your participation in this course or your assignments will be time-sensitive enough to require an immediate response.

You should feel free to use office hours not only to discuss our substantive readings but also to obtain help on your writing, to ask questions about graduate school or law school, or to talk about other academic or career concerns.

Grading Scale

A 92.5-100
A- 90-92.49
B+ 87.5-89.99
B 82.5-87.49
B- 80-82.49
C+ 77.5-79.99
C 72.5-77.49
C- 70-72.49
D+ 67.5-69.99
D 62.5-67.49
D- 60-62.49
F 59.99 and below

Schedule

INTRODUCTION

Wed, Jan 9: Introduction to the Course

· Text of the First Amendment

PART I: SPEECH AND ASSOCIATION

Mon, Jan 14: Introduction to Speech and Association

· Farber, 1-26
· Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley
· Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence

Wed, Jan 16: Oliver Wendell Holmes

INTRO ASSIGNMENT DUE

·Farber, 57-61
·Schenck v. United States
·Abrams v. United States
·Gitlow v. New York
·Holmes, “Natural Law”
·Grey, “Holmes, Pragmatism, and Democracy”

Mon, Jan 21: MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. DAY – NO CLASS

Wed, Jan 23: Louis Brandeis

·Farber, 61-72; 75-77
·Whitney v. California
·Dennis v. United States
·Brandenburg v. Ohio
·Rice v. Paladin (4th Cir.)
·Rasul v. Bush, Brief of Amicus Curiae Fred Korematsu

Mon, Jan 28: Contemporary Problems

RESEARCH EXERCISE DUE

·Collins and Skover, 3-45
·Student Paper, "A Different Way to Discuss the First Amendment"
·Student Paper, "Political Discourse in Post 9/11 America"

Wed, Jan 30: Symbolic Speech

·Farber, 40-41
·Texas v. Johnson
·Barnes v. Glen Theatre
·Nimmer, “The Meaning of Symbolic Speech Under the First Amendment”

Mon, Feb 4: Defamation

FIRST PAPER TOPIC DUE (by email)

·Farber, 79-95
·New York Times v. Sullivan
·Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
·Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
·Hilden, “The First Amendment and the Internet: Why Traditional Legal Doctrines Apply Differently in Cyberspace”

Wed, Feb 6: Obscenity and Pornography

·Farber, 127-136
·Reno v. ACLU
·Ashcroft v. ACLU I
·Ashcroft v. ACLU II
·Rosen, “The End of Obscenity”

Mon, Feb 11: Pornography Revisited

·Collins and Skover, 139-184
·Wolf, "The Porn Myth"

Wed, Feb 13: Fighting Words and Offensive Speech

·Farber, 103-109
·Cantwell v. Connecticut
·Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
·Feiner v. New York
·Cohen v. California

Mon, Feb 18: Hate Speech


·Farber, 109-124
·RAV v. St. Paul
·Wisconsin v. Mitchell
·Virginia v. Black
·Collin v. Smith (7th Cir.)

Wed, Feb 20: Special Situations - Speech in Public Schools

·Farber, 193-96
·Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School Dist.
·Bethel School Dist. No. 403 v. Fraser
·Hazelwood School Dist. v. Kuhlmeier
·Morse v. Frederick
·Student Paper, "The Schoolhouse Gate: Content Discrimination in Public Schools"

Mon, Feb 25: Special Situations - Speech in the Public University

FIRST PAPER DUE (6 Copies)

·Rosenberger v. University of Virginia
·Sherry, “Speaking of Virtue: A Republican Approach to University Regulation of Hate Speech”
·Racial Harassment Policy, University of North Carolina
·Letter from Department of Education to Dr. James Moeser, September 22, 2004

Wed, Feb 27: Writing Workshop

Mon, Mar 3: Commercial Speech

·Farber, 151-169
·Valentine v. Chrestensen
·Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council
·Dickerson, “Facilitated Plagiarism”

Wed, Mar 5: Commercial Speech Revisited

RESUBMIT FIRST PAPER (Optional)

·Collins and Skover, 69-119

SPRING BREAK (No class on Mar 10 or Mar 12)

Mon, Mar 17: Charitable Solicitation

·Martin v. Struthers
·Schaumburg v. Citizens for a Better Environment
·Inazu, “Revisiting the Court’s Charitable Solicitation Jurisprudence”
·Young v. New York City Transit Authority (2d Cir.)

Wed, Mar 19: Freedom of Assembly and Association

·De Jonge v. Oregon
·NAACP v. Alabama
·Gallo v. Acuna (Cal. Sup. Ct.)
·Dunn, “Terrorism, the International Border, and the First Amendment”
·United States v. Lindh, Government’s Opposition to Lindh’s Freedom of
Association Challenge

Mon, Mar 24: Compelled Speech and Association

·Farber, 41-42 and 233-37
·West Virginia v. Barnette
·Wooley v. Maynard
·Roberts v. Jaycees
·Boy Scouts v. Dale

Wed, Mar 26: Virtual Speech and Association

·Noveck, “A Democracy of Groups”
·Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
·Terdiman, “Phony Kids, Virtual Sex”
·Student Paper, "The Application of Defamation Law in the Virtual World"


PART II: FREE EXERCISE OF RELIGION

Mon, Mar 31: John Locke and Thomas Jefferson

·Farber, 253-259
·Locke, Letter Concerning Toleration
·Jefferson, "Virginia Act for Establishing Religious Freedom"

Wed, Apr 2: James Madison and Roger Williams

·Madison, "Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments"
·Hall, “Roger Williams and the Foundations of Religious Liberty”
·Witte, "The Essential Rights and Liberties of Religion in the American Constitutional Experiment"

Mon, Apr 7: The Meaning of “Religion”

SECOND PAPER PEER EXCHANGE (Optional)

·Welsh v. United States
·Freeman, “The Misguided Search for the Constitutional Definition of “Religion’”
·United States v. Kuch (D.D.C.)
·Church of the Chosen People v. United States (D.Minn)

Wed, Apr 9: Early Free Exercise Cases

·Farber, 259-62
·Reynolds v. United States
·Prince v. Massachusetts
·Sherbert v. Verner
·Wisconsin v. Yoder

Mon, Apr 14: Recent Free Exercise Cases

·Farber, 262-73
·Employment Division, Department of Human Resources v. Smith
·Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
·City of Boerne v. Flores

Wed, Apr 16: Free Exercise, Speech, and Association

SECOND PAPER DUE

·Axson-Flynn v. Johnson (10th Cir.)
·Bob Jones University v. United States
·Board of Education of the Westside Community Schools v. Mergens

Mon, Apr 21: Religious Belief and Action

·Hauerwas, “The Kingship of Christ: Why Freedom of ‘Belief’ is not Enough”
·Yoder, “Response of an Amateur Historian and a Religious Citizen”

CONCLUSION

Wed, Apr 23: Where Do We Go From Here?

·Readings to be assigned