“virtus, libertas et scientia,
virtus et scientia”

Constitution of the Joint Senate of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societes


I. Name, Motto, and Purpose

      1. Official Name

      2. Latin and English Motto

      3. Purpose/Philosophy

 

II. Membership

      1. Classes of Membership

      2. Membership Status

      3. Active Membership

      4. Inactivity

      5. What defines Suspended Status?

      6. Effects of Suspended Status/Reinstatement

      7. What defines Lapsed Status?

      8. Effects of Lapsed Status/Reinstatement

      9. Notification of Suspended/Lapsed Status

      10. Definition of Student Membership

      11. No Petitioning in Final Semester

      12. Associate Membership

      13. Alumnus Membership

      14. Faculty Membership

      15. Honorary Membership

      16. Alumni/Honorary restrictions

      17. Alumni Senators becoming Student Members

      18. Alumni/Honorary becoming Associate Members

      19. If Alumni/Honorary becomes active, they retain prior status

      20. Student/Associate Member implies Associate/Student Member

      21. Requirements for Membership

      22. Di’s to the West, Phi’s to the East

      23. Secret Induction Ceremony and Petitioner’s Executive Sessions

 

III. Officers

      1. Succession of Officers

      2. Voting Procedure

      3. President

      4. President Pro Tempore

      5. Critic

      6. Clerk

      7. Treasurer

      8. Sergeant-At-Arms

      9. Historian

      10. Eligibility for Joint Senate Offices

 

IV. Meetings

      1. Definition of ‘two sessions’

      2. Meetings held once a week

      3. One debate between societies, one with outside speakers (if possible)

      4. Executive sessions

      5. Last meeting of each session

      6. Attendance of visitors

      7. Special meetings

      8. Additional business meetings

 

V. Committees

      1. Executive Committee (members)

      2. Executive Committee (duties)

      3. List of standing committees

      4. Membership Committee

      5. Program Committee

      6. Social Committee

      7. Finance Committee

      8. Constitution Committee

      9. Special Committees

 

VI. Finances

      1. Handling of checks

      2. Dues of membership

      3. Non-payment of dues

      4. Long-term outstanding debts

      5. Finance Committee’s audit

 

VII. Fines, Censure, Impeachment, and Expulsion

      1. Indecent behavior

      2. Grounds for impeachment

      3. Censure

      4. Bill of impeachment

      5. Trial for impeachment

      6. Bill of expulsion

      7. Trial for expulsion

      8. Readmission after expulsion

      9. Proceedings for 3, 5, and 8 to be secret

 

VIII. Resolutions and Legislation

      1. Societies may pass legislation

      2. Internal resolutions and bills

 

IX. Special Summer Session

      1. Possibility of Summer Sessions

      2. Election of officers

      3. Summer is one term

      4. Usage of funds

      5. Restrictions of Summer Session

 

X. By-Laws

      1. Definition

 

XI. Diplomas

      1. Petitioning for diploma

      2. Vote on petition

      3. Prior members may petition

      4. Fees for diploma

 

XII. Voting

      1. Standard Method

      2. Validity of proxy votes

      3. Nature of proxy votes

      4. Counting of proxies

      5. Attendance and voting on major issues

      6. Requirements for voting on a petitioner

 

XIII. Quorum

      1. Definition

 

XIV. The Individual Societies

      1. Collective Name

      2. Societal Laws

      3. Offices of separate Societies

      4. Dissolving the Joint Senate

      5. If resolution of dissolution passes

 

XV. Parliamentary Procedure

      1. Robert’s Rules of Order

 

XVI. Amendments

      1. Procedure

 

XVII. Legality

      1. Constitution becomes law

     

 

 

 

 

 

Preamble

      WE, the members of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies, in order to promote the ideals of our Societies; namely
      to stimulate and advance interest in parliamentary discussion,
      to encourage public speaking, culture, and the arts,
      to facilitate a free interchange of ideas,
      to encourage rational thought,
      to promote the welfare of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and
      to promote the study of the history of this University,
do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Joint Senate of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies.

      Article I. Name, Motto, and Purpose

      1. This organization shall be known as the Joint Senate of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Whenever confusion arises, it may be referred to as the Joint Senate, Di-Phi, the Societies, or the Di and Phi Societies.

      2. The motto of the Joint Senate shall be "Ad Virtute, Libertatem, Scientiamque", which, in English, means "Towards Virtue, Liberty, and Knowledge."

      3. The purpose and philosophy of the Societies shall be defined as the diligent pursuance by all members of the ideals in the Preamble of this Constitution. No philosophy inconsistent with these ideals can be considered the philosophy of the Societies.

      Article II. Membership

      1. There shall be five classes of membership: student, associate, alumnus, faculty, and honorary. Student and associate members are subject to further classification as active, inactive, suspended, or lapsed.

      2. Membership in the Societies is permanent except in the cases of resignation, expulsion, expiration of lapsed membership, or graduation while lapsed.

      3. Active membership shall entitle the member to vote and participate in all matters concerning the Societies except as provided elsewhere in this Constitution, as well as to hold the title of Senator of the Societies, and shall carry with it the requirements of attendance at all regular meetings, payment of all dues, payment of all outstanding fines, and other duties as this Constitution, the By-Laws, and the Societies shall determine.

      4. An active member who desires inactive membership shall petition the Societies, showing good cause for the request. Upon acceptance of the petition by a majority vote, the member shall be reclassified as an inactive member, for a period of one regular session or as specified in the vote. At the end of this term of inactive membership, the member shall be reclassified as active.

      5. Any member who is absent without a valid excuse for three consecutive regular meetings shall be declared suspended, and shall be notified of this action. An excuse shall be considered valid only if it is presented in writing and accepted at the discretion of the chair, and shall be valid for one meeting only.

      6. An inactive or suspended member may attend meetings and participate in all proceedings of the Societies, save that he shall not be eligible to vote or hold office. The member will be reinstated to active status following formal announcement of appropriate intentions to the Societies at any regular meeting. A suspended member shall be requested to show good cause why he should not be fined or otherwise disciplined for his extended absence.

      7. Any member who has been suspended during a regular session of the Societies and who has attended fewer than three regular meetings in that session shall be reclassified as lapsed at the final meeting of that session, unless this declaration is over-ridden by a two-thirds majority vote at that meeting. The President, with a two-thirds majority vote, has the discretion to move any Senator in suspension into lapsed status.

      8. A lapsed member shall retain only the right to petition for restoration of active status, showing good cause for the request, at any regular meeting of the regular session immediately following that in which his membership became lapsed. This petition shall be approved by standing vote, a simple majority being necessary for approval. At the end of this session, lapsed membership shall expire, and the expired member shall no longer be a member of the Societies. Afterwards, this person may reapply for admission to the Societies, being required to again fulfill all minimum requirements for admission as if he had never been a member. Should an expired member be readmitted, the normal procedure shall be followed, save that he shall not again go through the induction ceremony.

      9. All suspended members shall be notified at the middle and at the end of each regular session of their suspended status. All lapsed members shall be advised of the time remaining before the expiration of their memberships at the middle of each regular session. All active, inactive, or suspended members who have not attended three regular meetings of a regular session shall be so informed before the third-to-last regular meeting of that session. Failure to so notify members, however, does not nullify their suspension, lapsing, or expiration; it is the responsibility of each member to attend meetings of the Societies or to present a proper excuse.

      10. Any student of the University shall be eligible for student membership in the Societies. A student wishing such status shall fulfill all requirements for active membership and shall then have all the rights, privileges, and responsibilities thereof.

      11. Petitions for student membership shall not be heard or accepted in the final semester of a graduating student's enrollment at the University, unless the petitioner will continue coursework at the University in the following term. In the event that the petitioner plans to graduate during either summer session, the spring semester shall be considered the Petitioner's final semester.

      12. Any person who is neither a student nor a member of the faculty of the University shall be eligible for associate membership in the Societies. A person wishing such status shall fulfill all requirements for active membership and shall then have all rights, privileges, and responsibilities thereof, except the right to hold office or to vote on amendments to the Constitution.

      13. Any active, inactive, or suspended members of the Societies shall become alumni members upon receipt of a diploma from the Societies.

      14. Any member of the University faculty shall be eligible for faculty membership in the Societies. A member of the faculty who petitions the Societies and is accepted by standing vote of a majority of the active members present shall become a faculty member of the Societies. Faculty membership shall entitle the member to the title of Senator of the Societies, and to vote and participate in all matters concerning the Societies, save the right to hold office or to vote on election of officers, approval of new members, or amendments to the Constitution. It shall carry with it the requirements of attendance at a minimum of four meetings during a session, payment of all dues, and other duties as this Constitution, the By-Laws, and the Societies shall determine.

      15. Honorary membership may be conferred by the Societies upon any worthy person who is not a registered student in the University. This shall be done by unanimous concurrence of the members present at two consecutive regular meetings of the Societies.

      16. Alumni and honorary members may attend meetings and may participate in debates and discussions; they may not vote or hold office in the Societies.

      17. Any alumnus member who continues coursework at the University, or returns to the University after graduation, may petition the Societies for active student membership and shall become active one week following the acceptance of the petition by a majority vote of the Societies.

      18. Any alumnus or honorary member who is not a student at the University, but wishes to participate in the Societies, may petition the Societies for active associate membership at any regular meeting and shall become active one week following the acceptance of the petition by a majority vote of the Societies.

      19. Any alumnus or honorary member who attains active status in this way shall remain, respectively, an alumnus or honorary member, even though the member also holds the status of active student or associate membership and all the rights and duties this entails. Should circumstances require such a member to become inactive, upon formal presentation of this request to the Societies the member shall revert to his former status as an alumnus or honorary member. Should such a member be classified as suspended, his status shall revert in the same way.

      20. Should a student member find that his studies at the University are interrupted, for graduation or any other reason, so that he is no longer eligible to be a student member, he may petition for associate membership and shall become an associate member upon the acceptance of his petition by a majority vote. If an associate member enrolls in or returns to the University as a student, thus becoming ineligible for associate membership, he shall be given student membership. In either case, his classification as active, inactive, suspended, or lapsed shall remain unchanged. If an active member, no longer being a student, finds that he cannot attend the meetings of the Societies, he may petition for inactive status in the usual way, and the Societies are encouraged to grant it. If a student member leaves the University without being granted alumnus or associate status, he shall expire at the end of that semester.

      21. The requirements for membership other than honorary or faculty shall be (1) an original, oral presentation to the Societies, (2) attendance of at least three meetings of the Societies, (3) sponsorship by a non-lapsed member of the Societies who has agreed to sponsorship at least one regular meeting prior to the night of the petition, (4) approval by standing vote of a two-thirds majority of the active members present, and (5) proper induction.

      22. Prospective members shall petition to join one of the two Societies, to be determined as follows:
North Carolina residents shall petition the Dialectic Society if they live west of Chapel Hill, or the Philanthropic Society if they live east of Chapel Hill. Residents of Orange County or non-residents of North Carolina may declare their membership voluntarily.

      23. The Societies shall keep secret all their proceedings during consideration and acceptance or rejection of applicants for membership, and all induction ceremonies.

     
Article III. Officers

      1. The elected officers of the Societies, in order of succession, shall be President, President Pro Tempore, Critic, Clerk, Treasurer, Sergeant-At-Arms, and Historian.

      2. All officers shall be elected by a secret ballot at the second to the last meeting of each semester, a majority of those present being necessary for election. The officers shall be inaugurated and shall take office at the last meeting of the semester.

      3. The duties of the President shall be: a) to preside at all meetings of the Societies, b) to appoint all standing committees as shall be deemed necessary, c) to fill by appointment any temporary vacancies in the administration, d) when presiding, to call to order, fine, or admonish any member at his discretion, e) to decide, when presiding all, questions of order and interpretation of the Constitution subject to veto by the Societies, requiring a majority vote in the case of a question of order and a three-fourths (3/4) majority in the case of a question of interpretation, f) to direct the Treasurer, upon authorization of the Societies, to pay out any money, g) to deliver, at the time of inauguration, an original written address which shall be filed with the Clerk, h) to serve as an ex officio member of all committees, but ex officio without vote on all committees save the Executive Committee, i) to serve as a member of the Board of Directors of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies Foundation, Inc., and j) to serve as official representative of the Societies. k) The President of the Joint Senate is permitted, but not required, to vote if, after the votes of Senators are tallied, his vote would affect the outcome of the vote.  In cases where the President's vote would have no effect on the outcome of said vote, then he shall not be suffered a recorded vote.

      4. The duties of the President Pro Tempore shall be: a) to assume the duties of the President at his request, or in his absence or disability, b) to serve as Parliamentarian, c) to serve as Chairman of the Constitutional Committee, d) to keep members supplied with current copies of the Constitution and By-Laws, and e) to serve as Chairman of the Executive Committee.

      5. The duties of the Critic shall be: a) to make an oral evaluation at each meeting of speeches given by members, including newly elected members, during public discussions and debates, b) to present the resolutions for the Societies' debates, other than the Centennial and Bicentennial Debates, and c) to serve as moderator during debates involving speakers invited by the Societies for that purpose.

      6. The duties of the Clerk shall be: a) to keep neat, accurate, and complete records of all meetings and transactions of the Societies, and to read the minutes of the previous meeting at the direction of the President, b) to read to the Societies records of all meetings of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies Foundation, Inc., Board of Directors, c) to handle all official correspondence, d) to maintain the current files of the Societies, and to turn over all current files and records to the successor in office, e) to turn over to the University Archivist all records no longer needed for current business for deposit with the Societies' archives, and f) to compose a letter to petitioners of the Societies informing them of the Joint Senate’s decision within a week of their petition.

      7. The duties of the Treasurer shall be: a) to keep true and accurate records of the finances of the Societies, b) to collect all dues, fines, and assessments, c) to pay out money when authorized by the Societies and directed by the President, d) to report at each Executive Committee meeting on the condition of the treasury, when requested by the Chairman of the Executive Committee, e) to serve as a member, but not as chairman, of the Finance Committee, f) to submit at the end of the session a detailed account of the condition of the treasury, and g) to turn all records and funds over to his or her successor.

      8. The duties of the Sergeant-At-Arms shall be: a) to keep a roll of all members, and to call the roll of active members at the commencement of each meeting, b) to determine the presence or absence of a quorum at the beginning of each meeting, or upon request of the chair, c) to tabulate and record all votes of the Societies, d) to distribute to all members a roll of the members with home and University addresses and telephone numbers, and to update it periodically, e) to notify all members and interested parties of special meetings at least a day in advance, including the time, place, and purpose of the meeting, f) to keep a list of those having keys to the Di and Phi chambers and the New East and New West buildings, g) to be responsible for the condition of the properties of the Societies, and for the cleanliness of the chambers h) to enforce order in the Chambers and to eject members at the President' s discretion, and i) to conduct a yearly census of the portraits of the Societies and to compose a written index of their condition for restoration purposes. This census shall be conducted prior to the first Foundation meeting of the year and a copy of this report shall be given to both the Societies and the Foundation.

      9. The duties of the Historian shall be: a) to prepare and to report to the Societies at least twice during the term of office on some incident, event, or member of interest in the long history of the Societies, b) to prepare a paper on the activities of the Societies during his or her term of office, to be delivered before the Societies, c) to be responsible for maintaining order in the Societies' papers and archives with recent additions, d) to research and propose a resolution for the Societies' Centennial and Bicentennial Debates, and e) to prepare for the Mangum Medal competition and the Kemp Plummer Battle Lecture.

      10. A candidate for the office of President or President Pro Tempore must have been a member of the Societies at the beginning of the first regular meeting of the current session and the two previous sessions. These requirements may be relaxed, by no more than one regular session, only if no active senator meets these requirements or if no active senator meeting these requirements wishes to run for the office in question.


      Article IV. Meetings

      1. The Societies shall meet in two sessions yearly, the first session being the fall semester, and the second session being the following spring semester. The summer session shall be designated a Special Summer Session, as described in Article IX of this Constitution.

      2. The Societies shall meet regularly every week in the collegiate year, the first meeting of each session convening not later than the third week of the semester.

      3. At least one meeting each session shall be devoted to a full debate between the two Societies, and when possible at least one meeting each semester shall be devoted to a debate before the Societies by two or more outside speakers.

      4. The President may call the Societies into executive session for the conduct of business at his discretion.

      5. The last regular meeting of each session shall be held on the last regular meeting night before the first day of semester examinations. This last meeting shall be a business meeting, and all members shall be required to attend on pain of fine and reprimand. At this meeting all unfinished business shall be finished, all committees and officers shall make final reports, and the inauguration of officers for the following session shall be held.

      6. Attendance of visitors shall be regulated at the discretion of the President.

      7. Special meetings of the Societies may be called by the President or by any three officers at any time, provided at least twenty-four hours' notice is given to all active members.

      8. The Societies may hold additional business meetings for the consideration of lengthy or extraordinary items of business, to avoid extended debate during weekly regular meetings. Such business meetings shall be considered regular meetings regardless of their time or location, and shall follow the same order of business as the weekly regular meetings except for the elimination of the program. Any active member failing to attend a business meeting is subject to fine or reprimand. Notice of such additional business meetings must be given to all active members at least one week prior to the meeting.

      Article V. Committees

      1. There shall be an Executive Committee of the Societies, chaired by the President Pro Tempore and composed of all officers of the Joint Senate, together with the presidents of the Di and Phi as representatives of the two Societies. It should meet at least once every month during the collegiate year at a time apart from the regular meeting of the Societies.

      2. The Executive Committee shall be charged with the preliminary consideration of matters of the Societies' business and reporting its findings. It shall also be empowered to conduct business for the Societies in situations where decisions must be made but consultation with the Societies is impractical. Such actions are subject to review and veto by the Societies, requiring a majority vote.

      3. The standing committees of the Societies shall be the Membership, Program, Social, Finance, and Constitutional Committees. There shall be a chairman and at least two members appointed by the President to each committee, unless provided otherwise in the Constitution. They should meet at least once every session, and be able to make reports upon the request of the President or the Joint Senate.

      4. The Membership Committee shall be charged with finding prospective members and making them acquainted with the purposes and goals of the Societies and with the qualifications for membership.

      5. The Program Committee shall be charged with proposing, and, upon the Societies' approval and in coordination with the President, developing and enacting program activities for the Societies during regular meetings as well as for such programs and activities outside the regular meetings as the Societies shall approve.

      6. The Social Committee shall be charged with strengthening the bonds of friendship by coordinating social events and gatherings.

      7. The Finance Committee shall have the Treasurer as a member, but not as chairman, and shall be charged with overseeing the finances of the Societies, and developing and proposing means of revenue. All proposals for major expenditures by the Societies shall be referred automatically to the Finance Committee for study and recommendation before consideration by the Societies.

      8. The Constitutional Committee shall be chaired by the President Pro Tempore, and shall be charged with keeping members supplied with current copies of the Constitution and By-Laws, with discussing and reporting on all proposed amendments to the Constitution and By-Laws submitted or referred to it, and with proposing from time to time such amendments as may be necessary. It shall also keep a volume of internal resolutions passed by the Societies, and shall see that these resolutions are enforced until amended or rescinded. It shall pass all papers and records on to the succeeding committee.

      9. The President may appoint Special Committees of the Societies, and their members, at his discretion or at the discretion of the Societies. These committees shall be appointed for a specific purpose, upon completion of which the committee shall be dissolved.

      Article VI. Finances

      1. The Treasurer shall be solely empowered to sign checks for the Societies, upon authorization by the Societies and direction of the President.

      2. Dues for active membership shall be determined by general motion approved by the Societies. New members admitted after the beginning of the semester shall pay their dues on a pro rata basis. In addition, new members shall pay a one-time fee to cover the cost of their individual Society’s pin. This fee is not covered by the pro rata dues.

      3. Members who persist in the non-payment of dues beyond the roll call of the fourth meeting of the session shall lose the right to vote in meetings of the Joint Senate. They shall retain this right immediately upon paying the Treasurer the amount they owe in full.

      4. Members who have outstanding debts to the Societies as a result of fines exceeding in total ten dollars for more than one academic semester may be considered in gross neglect of duty. This constitutes grounds for expulsion as noted in the following article.

      5. It shall be the responsibility of the Finance Committee to conduct an internal audit of the Societies’ accounts within the first three (3) weeks of every session. All information and records must have been surrendered to the Finance Committee Chair at least three (3) days prior to the date of the audit. The audit shall include the monetary dealings of the Societies over the previous two (2) regular sessions.

      Article VII. Fines, Censure, Impeachment, and Expulsion

      1. Rowdy, obscene, unseemly, inebriated, or otherwise indecent, disrespectful, or ungentle displays of behavior are subject to fine at the discretion of the chair or by a majority vote of the Societies. The maximum fine shall be ten dollars per count. If a member feels that a fine was levied unjustly, that member may appeal the fine to the Societies and a majority vote of members present shall sustain the fine.

      2. Grounds for impeachment of officers or expulsion of members shall consist of extravagant breaches of decorum, gross neglect of duty, or any overt act or attitude reprehensible to the interests of the Societies. Grounds for the censure of members shall consist of similar offenses, but of lesser severity not meriting impeachment or expulsion.

      3. A resolution of censure, listing all particulars, may be brought by any two active members against any member. A two-thirds vote of the members present shall be necessary to pass such a resolution, provided that the member in question shall be provided with the opportunity to present his defense, and that the members bringing the charges shall be present, at the time the resolution is debated. The member shall also receive at least one week's notice of the consideration of the resolution of censure against him.

      4. A bill of impeachment for misconduct in office, listing all charges, may be brought by any three active members against any officer. The merits of all impeachments shall be decided by the Joint Senate of the Societies. In the event that the President is impeached, the President Pro Tempore shall preside.

      5. A two-thirds (2/3) vote of the active members of the Societies shall be necessary for removal from office, provided that a fair trial shall have been held, at which the officer in question has the opportunity to present a full defense, and that such officer shall have received written notice at least one week in advance of both the trial and the presentation of the charges against him, and that the members bringing the charges shall be present at the trial.

      6. A bill of expulsion, listing all charges, may be brought against any member by any three active members of the Societies.

      7. No member may be expelled from the Societies without a fair trial, during which time such member shall have the opportunity to present a full defense, and at which time those members bringing the charges shall be present. He or she shall receive written notice of the trial and the charges against him or her at least one week in advance of the trial. A two-thirds (2/3) vote of all active members is necessary for expulsion.

      8. Any member expelled from the Societies may reapply for admission to the Societies no sooner than one semester following expulsion, provided that the conditions of the expulsion do not require a longer time, or specify that the expulsion shall be permanent. At that time such member shall be required to fulfill all minimum requirements for admission as if he had never been a member.

      9. All proceedings during the consideration of a resolution of censure, or during a trial for impeachment or expulsion, shall be kept secret.

      Article VIII. Resolutions and Legislation

      1. The Societies may pass at any time such resolutions and legislation as they shall deem necessary for their continued operations.

      2. Internal resolutions and bills intended to govern some aspect of the Societies, and not incorporated into the By-Laws as amendments shall, upon passage, be filed with the Clerk and the President Pro Tempore as chairman of the Constitution Committee. It shall be the latter's duty to ensure observance and compliance with such resolutions and bills.

      Article IX. Special Summer Session

      1. At the final meeting of the spring session, the Societies may deliberate upon the possibility of conducting a summer session. Any motion to conduct such a session must carry a majority vote to become effective.

      2. If it is the will of the Societies to conduct a summer session, the next order of business shall be the election of officers for the summer session according to the regular terms of the Constitution.

      3. The entire summer shall be considered one term. It shall be designated the Special Summer Session.

      4. The Summer Session of the Societies shall not have the use of any funds of the Societies except such as they collect from fees and assignments during that session. Any funds remaining at the beginning of the fall session shall be added to the regular Societies' funds.

      5. The Summer Session of the Societies shall not have the authority to change or amend the Constitution or By-Laws in any manner, and it shall not have the power to take anyone into full membership in the Societies. Participation in a Summer Session shall not be counted towards tenure for election to office, and absences from a Summer Session shall not be counted towards suspension for absences.

      Article X. By-Laws

      1. The By-Laws of the Societies shall supplement the Constitution and shall be second to the Constitution.

      Article XI. Diplomas

      1. Any non-lapsed member who is leaving the Societies, for whatever reason other than expulsion, shall have the right to petition the Joint Senate for a diploma of his Society.

      2. Upon receipt of the petition, the Joint Senate shall consider the petition and award the member a diploma by a majority vote. The diploma is to be signed by the President and Clerk of the Joint Senate.

      3. Any member of the Joint Senate, or of the Dialectic Society, or of the Philanthropic Society, who left prior to the enactment of this Constitution shall have the right to petition for a diploma.

      4. There shall be a fee for the diploma, to be determined by the Joint Senate and to be collected by the Treasurer.

      Article XII. Voting

      1. All voting in the Societies not otherwise provided for in this Constitution shall be by voice vote, unless directed otherwise at the discretion of the chair or of the Societies.

      2.  Proxy votes may be accepted as valid provided that the proxy for an active member empowering another active member to vote shall be presented in writing to the chair, and that a valid excuse of absence has been presented and accepted by the chair.  Proxies are not valid during the election or impeachment of officers or in votes to admit or expel members.

      3.  Proxies may be of a general nature or may specify exactly to what issue the vote pertains and/or the nature of the vote.

      4.  Proxies shall be counted as members present and voting.  In the case of specific proxies they shall be so for the particular issue(s) for which the proxy was issued.

      5. No member shall vote in elections or on Constitutional amendments who has not attended as a member at least four of the regularly scheduled meetings in a regular session of the Senate, inclusive of the night the member was inducted and the night of the vote.

      6.  No member shall vote on the acceptance of a petitioner who has not attended at least one executive session on a petitioner. A petition that occurred the night the member was inducted cannot count for this executive session unless the member began the session as a member.

      Article XIII. Quorum

      l. A quorum for the conduct of all business shall consist of a majority of the active membership.

      Article XIV. The Individual Societies

      l. As provided in Article I of this Constitution, collective names such as the Societies shall always refer to the Joint Senate.

      2. Each Society may establish such laws as it wishes for the regulation of its affairs, subject to the supreme authority of the Joint Senate, and shall adopt no provisions contrary to the laws of the Joint Senate.

      3. Each Society may create and fill such offices as it wishes, but must have a presiding officer, to be known to the Joint Senate as its president. This president shall have the duty of representing that Society before the Joint Senate and all other organizations.

      4. If and when a motion is made to dissolve the Joint Senate of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies and to return to the two separate Societies, it shall be necessary for this motion to be supported by a majority of the total membership in each Society. Failure to obtain such majorities shall make any such resolution of dissolution null and void. Should any members of a Society separate themselves despite the failure of a motion of dissolution, the remaining members may, at the discretion of the president of the other Society, continue as a rump Senate.

      5. If a resolution of dissolution is successfully passed, it shall not take effect until a committee composed of an equal number of members from each Society and elected by a majority vote of each Society determines the legality, feasibility, and practicality of the dissolution of the Joint Senate, particularly as regards membership and property rights.

      Article XV. Parliamentary Procedure

      l. Whenever the Constitution and By-Laws are silent to a point of order the procedure of the Societies shall be governed by Robert's Rules of Order. The latest edition of Robert's Rules of Order as of the first meeting of each session shall be the edition used for the duration of that session.

      Article XVI. Amendments

      1. All proposed amendments to the Constitution, except those originated by the Constitutional Committee, shall be presented to the Clerk, who shall read them before the Societies at a regular meeting. The amendment shall then be referred to the Constitutional Committee for consideration, after which the committee shall return the amendment, together with its report, to the Clerk at the next regular meeting. This report and the proposed amendment shall be read to the Societies and the floor opened up for discussion. Amendments originating in the Constitutional Committee shall be presented, together with the report of the committee, to the Clerk for reading to the Societies after which the floor shall be opened up for discussion as above. A two-thirds (2/3) majority vote at two consecutive regular meetings shall be necessary for adoption of the amendment.

      Article XVII. Legality

      1. This Constitution shall become law of the Joint Senate of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies upon its adoption at the second reading by a two-thirds (2/3) vote of the members present and shall supersede all previous Constitutions of either Society or of the Joint Senate. Any future Constitutional adoption must follow this procedure to become law.
      Last adopted in full on the second reading, Fall 2006.