|
Poodles and Revolution 1970-1979

Full text below
Iran enters the new decade with largely favorable coverage in the
pages of Time. The first article (May 25, 1970) presents Iran positively
as a good investment, citing Iran's "stability" and progressive
Shah as key attractions. Time reports that Iran recently hosted
the "largest array of US businessmen ever to assemble in a
developing country for an investment conference," and that
Iran's Shah is "determined at all costs to transform Iran into
a modern state." The use of the phrase "all costs"
is perhaps a hint of criticism, but unless you really deconstruct
the writing the early coverage seems wholly positive.
The next mention of Iran is a year later (Oct 25, 1971) for the
2,500th anniversary celebration at Persepolis. This massive spectacle
gets Iran a series of full color photographs in this issue and again
mostly positive publicity. The Shah does however receive mixed praise
over his economic progress as well as criticism for hints of megalomania
and wasteful spending on the celebration, but these occupy a very
small amount of text space in comparison with the grandiose descriptions
of the event.
Iran enjoys a vacation away from the pages of Time, excepting a
few articles of archeological interest, until 1974. In the April
1st issue, an interview with the Shah is published. This is one
of a number of interviews in which the Shah is given the opportunity
to speak without any probing questions nor chance for rebuttal.
Furthermore, the introduction to the interview (probably out of
a need to please the Shah in order to secure the interview) romanticizes
the Shah and the work that he does. Time introduces the interview
by naming the Shah "the inheritor of Persia's ancient throne"
and mentions that he appears in the interview "as though betraying
the burden he feels [in running the country]." The Shah gains
a cover story in Time months later (Nov 4, 1974) entitled "The
Emperor of Oil" in which Iran is said to have "almost
unlimited future potential." The Shah is said to have a troubled
history but is currently well loved - he's compared in the feature
to Cyrus the Great! Time goes on to claim that "no other oil
power has a leader quite as visionary and energetic." Some
problems are mentioned like the country's increasing wealth gap
and the Shah's zero tolerance for dissent, but the ruling family
is painted as absolute but benevolent rulers. Interviews with the
Shah and the Empress further support this romanticized notion.
In the following years the pages of Time see another personal interview
as well small articles reporting on the slight slippage of Iran's
economic progress. Articles in 1976 mention the economic troubles,
especially a May 10th article citing corruption and profligacy in
the government, but the Shah is always presented as being pro-active
and decisive in remedying the situation.
Two years later in 1978, Time's point of view shifted. After an
absence in coverage Iran exploded back into the pages of Time with
a June 5th article and a Sept. 18th article (cover story) describing
the anti-Shah riots that have erupted throughout Iran. The Shah
is clearly criticized for his swift and violent responses to the
demonstrations in which Time very specifically states that mostly
women and children were killed. The mullahs are introduced to Time's
readers quite favorably as being "non-violent," "kindly"
and "gentle" scholars calling for democracy against the
failed economic programs and repressive rule of the Shah. The Shah
is portrayed as a ruthless and spoiled dictator, and while the June
5th article rebuffs the possibility of his overthrow, by September
Time is acknowledging the danger of full-scale revolution.
By January of 1979 the Shah's fall is complete both physically and
in the eyes of Time. In the wake of the Shah's vacation/escape from
Iran, a feature article describes the Shah as "hated, vilified
[and] denounced." Time prints pictures of Iranian citizens
and soldiers dancing and cheering in the streets, and the Ayatullah
Khomeini is treated favorably as the "architect of the revolution."
The article juxtaposes the description of the Ayatullah as "stoic"
and powerful with inventories of the Shah's numerous mansions. By
March, however, Time began to portray Khomeini poorly citing fake
trials and executions as well as affronts on women's civil liberties.
Come August, Khomeini's regime was called "increasingly repressive,"
but the biggest condemnation came in November when the US embassy
was stormed and the hostage crisis began. November 19th's cover
story was understandably harsh on Iran's regime and people, citing
the situation as "madness, mob rule," but it was also
seemingly harsh on the US government for its perceived helplessness.
This feeling, though of course just reflected not created by Time,
continues through to the end of 1979 along with a continued antagonistic
tone toward the Ayatullah and Iran.
|