Which of the following statements is most likely to have been said by cognitive psychologist?
A. "We don't really have thoughts!"
B. "The unconscious plays a powerful role in determining our behaviors."
C. "The past is less important than the future in determining behavior."
D. "All sensory input is organized in memory by use of schematic structures." CORRECT ANSWER

Which of the following would a social psychologist be most likely to ask?
A. How stable is personality over the life span?
B. Why do we like some people and not others? CORRECT ANSWER
C. What effect does anxiety have on test performance?
D. Do depressed people think differently than nondepressed people?

Olivia is in a study in which she is carefully observing and reporting her conscious reactions to several stimuli.   Olivia is most likely participating in a study conducted by a psychologist who adheres to the  ________ school  of psychology.
A. structuralist CORRECT ANSWER
B. developmental
C. functionalist
D. psychoanalytic

Structuralism characterized conscious processes as having 2 basic elements: _SENSATIONS_ and _FEELINGS_.

In one or two sentences, explain the main premise of evolutionary psychology.

BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSING/STRATEGIES ARE SELECTED AND USED TO ENSURE GENETIC SURVIVAL (BASED ON DARWIN'S NATURAL SELECTION THEORY).

The basic unit of the nervous system is:

A. the hormone
B. the gene
C. the neuron CORRECT ANSWER
D. DNA

The sympathetic nervous system generally _____ activity; the parasympathetic nervous system generally _____ activity.

A. increases; decreases CORRECT ANSWER
B. decreases; increases
C. initiates; terminates
D. terminates; initiates

The close attention that you are paying while you are taking this exam is partially mediated by the:

A. hypothalamus
B. hippocampus
C. thalamus CORRECT ANSWER
D. amygdala

The spinal cord initiates _REFLEXES_: automatic responses to an event that don't require thought (i.e., information for these responses to occur is sent directly from the spinal cord and is not sent to the brain).

Dr. Verma wants to test the hypothesis that body contact will help sick babies to get well faster.  She selects two groups of equally ill babies.  Volunteers rock the babies in the test group for an hour each day, while the babies in the control group are not rocked.  At the end of the study, Dr. Verma discovers that significantly more babies in the test group recovered faster from their illnesses than babies in the control group.  In this study, the independent variable was __________ and the dependent variable was ____________.

A. how sick the babies were; what group the babies were in
B. what group the babies were in; how many babies got better
C. how many babies got better; whether they were rocked
D. whether they were rocked; how quickly the babies got better CORRECT ANSWER

A variable other then the independent variable which might have caused changes in the dependent varible is a(n) _____________ variable.

A. confounding CORRECT ANSWER
B. control
C. construct
D. experimental

An researcher was interested in the effect of hunger on memory.  For the experimental group (eating M&Ms), the researcher stressed the importance of paying close attention to the list of words to be memorized.  In contrast, for the control group (no M&Ms), the researcher acted casually when presenting the memory task.  The results of study showed that the experimental group remembered more words on average than the control group.  These results were most likely influenced by:

A. response bias
B. experimenter expectancy effects/experimenter bias CORRECT ANSWER
C. sampling bias
D. participant expectancy effects

List one quality of a "good" theory.

MAKES PREDICTIONS, NOT POSTDICTIONS
PREDICTS ONE OUTCOME, NOT MANY CONTRADICTORY ONES
MAKES SPECIFIC, NOT VAGUE, PREDICTIONS
MAKES VERIFIABLE PREDICTIONS