Reinheim "Princess" Necklace 
Reinheim (Saarland), Germany
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Mid-Fourth-Century BCE
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Glass and Amber
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Diameter: 3.8cm (largest glass bead)
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Museum für Vor- und Frühgeschichte
The largest bead (3.8 cm in diameter) is a dark blue
ground containing mavered yellow and white opaque spirals, as well as small
opaque yellow, raised dots that surround the perforation. The opaque
spirals twirl around the circumference of small ground protrusions that
extend from the body of the bead. These could perhaps be called vestigial
horns.1
The other two beads on this same necklace are
commonly known as compound eyed beads. They consist of six small
blue 'eyes' placed around a central blue eye of the same size. These
are set within an orange or mustard colored roundel.
This beaded necklace was found in a tumulus located
across the river Blies from the German town of Reinheim, located on the
German-French border. Due to the nature of artifacts found at the
site (the skeleton was completely destroyed by the acidic soil, the tumulus
is thought to be that of a Princess. This is indicated by the prescence
of a bronze mirror and the absence of weaponry.2
Given the characteristic Celtic spirals as well
as the small compound eyes set within the roundels, this necklace was most
likely used as a talisman that served to ward off evil happenings.
Beads similar to the larger "horned" bead have been found near Manching
and Waldfischbach. The Manching bead was thought to be attached to
the sword as a talisman. In a custom dating back to the Samartians,
Joachim Werner suggests that this type of bead was used as a loop with
which to draw a sword closely to its scabbard.3
Both types of beads are fairly common on the
European continent, although other historians have ascribed similar "horned"
beads to a much later date of 150 BCE.1
1. Guido pgs. 54, 61
2.
3. Werner pgs. 26-37