Universal Design

Universal design refers to the design of products and environments so that they are usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design (Sapp, 2007). Adherence to principles of universal design “requires designers and developers to be aware of human diversity, to anticipate a variety of needs, and to intentionally approach the development with the intent of creating an inclusive environment” (Sapp, 2007).  

Principles of Universal Design

• provide multiple representations of content
• provide multiple options for expression and control
• provide multiple options for engagement and motivation
  (Blamires, 1999)

It is possible to see how others become beneficiaries of universal design, not just students with disabilities. Sapp offers the following example:

“the inclusion of audio description allows students with visual impairments to access visual components of educational videos, and teachers believe that audio description improves comprehension for other students, including those with learning disabilities, by helping these students focus on the essential elements of the video” (2007).

Therefore, it is apparent that such attention to inclusivity and to broader definition of beneficiaries creates a situation that could vastly improve the educational experience of an array of students. Teachers should be cognizant of how products can translate in their use and not limit their attention to a narrow scope of application.