The Basque Country is the territory which is historically, ethnically, and culturally Basque.  The Spanish and the French may call the Basque Country le Pays Basque or el País Vasco, but to the Basques themselves their land is Euskal Herria.

Basques conceive their country as embracing the area of the traditional seven provinces: Bizkaia, Gipuzkoa, Araba and
Nafarroa on the Spanish side, Lapurdi, Nafarroa Beherea and Zuberoa on the French side.

These provinces are divided among three politico-administrative structures. Two are within the Spanish State: the
Basque Autonomous Community (formed by Araba, Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa),  and the Autonomous Community of Navarre (Nafarroa alone). The three provinces within the French state are not autonomous. They form, along with Bearn, the French department of Pyrenees Atlantiques, which is part of the region of Aquitaine (capital Bordeaux).

The Basque Country is a small nation: it's area is just 20.864 sq. km.  It holds about 2.9 million inhabitants.