Topics: Using features in rules.

Class:

• Go over HW 2 (Dutch clusters).
• SPE-style notation for derivational rules
• ICP: Metaphony in Northern Salentino Italian (Kenstowicz 1994)
• Start on HW 3 (Lamba verbs, K&K 1979)

• Do HW 3
• Read over the midterm syllabus; come prepared with questions

Topics: Place features. Unary vs. binary. Dependent features. Feature minimization.

Class:

• Go over G&J place features.
  • HO: "Feature Questions 2" (from last time)
  • HO: "Palatals"
• Using features to define classes
  • Exx. from G&J pp. 74-75.
• Go over HW 2.

• Finish HW 2.
• Read G\&J Ch. 6, Sections 1--4.

Topics: Distinctive-feature theory. Major-class features, manner features, and laryngeal features.

Class:

• Goals of distinctive-feature theory
  • Inventory
  • Natural classes
  • Phonetic interpretation
• In-class problem(s): "Feature Questions" HO (Sakai)
• Discuss McC and G&J readings.

• For 2/7 (T)
  • Read rest of Gussenhoven & Jacobs 2005, Ch. 5.
  • Think about it in connection with "Feature Questions 2" HO (Sakai)
  • Think about the in-text questions (Q42-Q47), and come prepared to discuss them.
• For 2/9 (Th): HW 02 (Dutch phonotactics) is on Sakai.

Topics: Natural classes.

Class:

• Three ICPs, with a common theme:
  • Kenyang [k] and [q] (Odden 2005)
  • German [ç] and [x] (Moulton 1962)
  • Tohono 'O'odham affricates (Odden 2005)
• Phonetically-defined sound classes that occur across a wide range of languages (``natural classes'')
• Motivation for distinctive feature theory (McCarthy 2001)
• Return HW 01 (Ibibio)

• Read Gussenhoven & Jacobs Ch. 5 through the end of Section 4
• Download the ``Feature Questions 1'' handout (Sakai). This is not to hand in.

Topics: Modelling allophony. Abstractness of URs.

Class:

• Homework procedure (for rest of semester)
  • Keep at seat during discussion
  • What you have when class starts is what you hand in.
  • OK to take notes on HW during class, but should clearly distinguish them from the gradeable work (use different color, draw box around, etc.)
• Discussion of HW 1, Ibibio allophony
• Handing in HW
  • Include Honor Code statement! Else, no grade.
  • Acknowledge
    • Collaborators
    • Outside sources
• Abstractness of URs: Palauan Nouns ICP (Sakai)

• Download two ICPs from Sakai (Kenyang, German). These are NOT homeworks!
• Read McCarthy 2001 article on distinctive features (Sakai)

Topics: Modelling alternations and complementary distribution.

Class:

• HO (from last time): "Motivating Phonology". Exploit our insight and finish building the model for the Dutch consonant alternations.
• HO: How to write up the Dutch problem.
• HO: "Deciding between competing analyses", with Georgian laterals problem.
  • T-diagrams
  • Non-alternating pattern, but still predictable
  • Morpheme-structure constraints (MSCs)
  • Which analysis is best?
  • HO: Model writeup for Georgian laterals.
• Last 10 minutes: Start on HW 01, Ibibio obstruents.

Topics: Motivating phonology. Predictable vs. unpredictable information; phonological grammar.

Class:

• IPA quiz (10 mins max)
• Discuss Kenstowicz & Kisseberth 1979 reading
• HO: Motivating phonology (Sakai)
  • Predictable and unpredictable information
  • In-class problem: Dutch plurals (Gussenhoven & Jacobs 1998)

Topics: Phonetics review II, vowels.

Class:

• Basics of the source-filter model of vowel production.
• Vowel parameters
  • Height, backness, rounding
  • See the with mirror exercises (UNC) and imaging (UCLA)
  • Hear them (audio file, Sakai) ( talking IPA chart, York U)
• Practice: Listen to pairs of vowels. Which one is higher? Backer? More rounded? Exx. from Ibibio, Zapotec, Hasselt German (on Bb).
• IPA symbols for English vowels and diphthongs.
• Other important IPA vowel symbols.
• Prosodic parameters and IPA symbols for them: Stress, syllabicity, and length.
• Transcription practice from audio (K. Russell, U. of Manitoba)

• Prepare for IPA quiz.
• Read Kenstowicz & Kisseberth 1979, Ch. 2, pp. 25--35 with the reading guide (both on Sakai, Resources, 1/12).

Topics: Phonetics review I, consonants.

Class

• Quiz 1, on vocal-tract anatomy (5 mins.)
• Why phonologists need to know phonetics (HO: What is phonology?, from last time)
• Goals of phonetics review:
  • From description, form accurate idea of articulation.
  • Use IPA chart to convert in both directions between IPA symbols and articulatory descriptions.
  • Do that without looking at chart for unshaded symbols on the IPA chart (HO, Sakai)
• Larynx
  • Larynx atop trachea
  • Larynx in throat
  • Video of modal phonation (from Edmonson & Esling 2006)
• Supralaryngeal vocal tract
• HO: Naming conventions for consonant articulations (Sakai)
• Practice with midsagittal tracings

• For 1/17 T:
  • Bring mirror again. Replenish supplies of midsagittal sections if depleted (they're on Sakai, Resources, 1/10).
  • Review IPA: Shaded IPA chart, plus handouts on consonants and vowels (Sakai, Resources, 1/12)
• For 1/19 Th: Read Kenstowicz & Kisseberth 1979, Ch. 2, with reading guide (Sakai, Resources, 1/12).

Topics: Course organization. What is phonology?

Class:

• Course organization. Syllabus (Sakai, Syllabus)
• UNC Honor Code.
• HO: Examples of phonology (Sakai, Resources, 1/10)

• Read Hayes 2009, Ch. 1 (Sakai, Resources, 1/10) review of phonetics.
• Review the vocal-tract anatomy shown in Hayes's Figure 1.3 on p. 4. There will be an in-class quiz on Thursday, which will count as a homework.
• Print out the empty midsagittal sections (Sakai, Resources, 1/10)
• Bring a small mirror to class.