Health Policy and the Transformation of American Medicine

       Fall 2002

Tuesday 2:30-4:30 PM

Jon Oberlander, PhD                                                                                                   

Department of Social Medicine

Office: Wing D, Room 372

Phone: 843-8269 (o), 968-8942 (h)

Email: oberland@med.unc.edu

Website: : http://www.unc.edu/~oberland

(best viewed in Internet explorer)

Seminar Description

This seminar explores issues, trends, and controversies in American health policy. This is a turbulent period in the health care system, with rising costs, growing ranks of uninsured Americans, and increasing dissatisfaction with managed care. We will study how the U.S. health care system got into this predicament, the rise (and demise?) of managed care, the role of public programs Medicare and Medicaid in health policy, and emerging issues in health reform.

Seminar objectives

This seminar is intended to prepare students to participate knowledgeably in health policy debates as members of the medical profession and as citizens in the political system. In particular, I hope that by the end of the course you will come away with a better understanding of:

1.The history of American health policy and how that history has shaped the current medical care system.

2.The politics of health care reform and how American political institutions, ideology, and interests have impacted the substance and process of health policymaking in this country.

3.International health systems and the differences between these systems (such as Canada’s single-payer model) and the American approach.

4.The rise and fall of managed care.

5.Policy issues in Medicare and Medicaid.

6.Emerging issues, including prescription drug costs and long-term care.

 

Seminar requirements

The primary requirement of the seminar is participation. You will spend much of your medical school career in vast auditoriums trying to figure out why the professor is running through his/her slides at supersonic speeds. We have a very different learning environment here and its success depends on your engagement with course issues and active participation in seminar discussions.

These discussions will revolve around course readings, and it is critical that you read and reflect on these selections before each class. You should focus on the main concepts and arguments in each article, and not get bogged down in the endless details, facts, and figures we will encounter.

For course sessions with longer readings, we will divide up the reading load with each half of the class responsible for a different section of that week’s assignment.

Some readings can be read on-line and the links are in the syllabus. The syllabus is posted on my web-site(http://www.unc.edu/~oberland ) and linked readings can be accessed there.

There will be 2 papers (each around 5-7 pages in length) that ask you to analyze specific issues or controversies in health policy. Your papers should be thoughtfully written and argued, carefully edited, and well-organized. They will be graded on the basis of substantive content, research effort, and writing quality. We will pick the due dates during the first class meeting so they fit with the rest of the schedule. The first paper will also be assigned at the beginning of the semester to give you as much time as possible to research and write.

Course grades will be determined as follows:

Class participation  40%

Paper   60%

Attendance at all seminar sessions is mandatory and absenteeism will result in a failing grade.

Late papers will be penalized. We all encounter life problems that may interfere with our ability to function. If such a problem arises, you can receive an extension if you notify me before the paper is due.

 

Schedule of sessions                                           

August 20                                 Introduction: Issues in U.S. Health Care Policy

Begin next week’s reading from Paul Starr, “The Mirage of Reform.” This reading is on reserve in the Health Sciences Library. This is a long selection and the intent is for you to read it over 2 weeks.

August 27                                                                                                                     The Political History of National Health Insurance        

Paul Starr, 1982.The Social Transformation of American Medicine (Basic: New York).Chapter 1, Book 2, “The Mirage of Reform,” 235-256, 267-289.On reserve in Health Sciences Library.

September 3                             The Politics of Health Reform: The Clinton Health Plan

Walter Zelman, 1994."The Rationale Behind the Clinton Reform Plan," Health Affairs 13: 9-29.

Paul Starr, 1995."What Happened to Health Care Reform?, American Prospect

http://www.prospect.org/print/V6/20/starr-p.html

September 10                           International Comparisons I: The Canadian Health System

David Naylor, 1999.“Health Care in Canada: Incrementalism Under Fiscal Duress,” Health Affairs 18(3): 9-24.

September 17                           International Comparisons II: Looking Beyond Canada

Video, Borderline Medicine

Joseph White, 1995.Competing Solutions: American Health Care Proposals and International Experience (Washington: Brookings Institution Press): 128-162.

 

September 24                           HMOs and Competition

Jon Gabel, 1997.“Marketwatch: 10 Ways HMOs Have Changed During the 1990s,” Health Affairs 16 (3): 134-45.

Robert Kuttner, 1998.“Must Good HMOs Go Bad?,” New England Journal of Medicine 338(21): 1558-63

October 15                              Physicians and Managed Care

Video, Dr. Solomon’s Dilemma                     

Uwe Reinhardt, 1999.“The Predictable Managed Care Kvetch on the Rocky Road from Adolescence to Adulthood,” Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 24(5): 897-910.                       

                                    Deborah Stone, 1997."Bedside Manna," The American Prospect 8(31): March/April/             http://www.prospect.org/print/V8/31/stone-d.html

October 22                              Medicare 

Jon Oberlander, 2002.“Medicare: The End of Consensus,” Handout.

Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001.Medicare at a Glance.

http://kff.org/content/archive/1066/Medicare%201066.pdf                   

October 29                              Prescription Drugs

John Iglehart, 2001.“Medicare and Prescription Drugs.” New England Journal 

of Medicine 344(13):1010?1015.

LD Chew et al., 2000.“A physician survey of the effect of drug sample availability on physicians' behavior.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 15: 478-483.http://www.nofreelunch.org/required.htm

Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001.Prescription Drug Trends Chartbook

http://www.kff.org/content/2001/3112/RxChartbook.pdf

 

November 5                             Medicaid and Long-Term Care

John Iglehart, 1999.“The American Health Care SystemMedicaid.”New England Journal of Medicine 340(5): 403-408.

Kaiser Family Foundation, 1999.Long Term Care: Medicaid’s Role and Challenges.            http://kff.org/content/2000/2172/LongTermCare.pdf

November 12                           What’s Next for American Health Policy–The Insured and Uninsured

James Robinson, 2001.“The End of Managed Care.” Journalof the American Medical Association 285(20):2622?2628.